In the past decade, there has been an unprecedented increase in the incidence of prostate cancer (PC) with the growth rates exceeding 8% annually. The use of LHRH analogues (medical castration) serves as an alternative to surgical castration and has a number of advantages, such as the reversibility of hormonal effects and the possibility of using intermittent hormone therapy, which allows the likelihood of adverse reactions to be substantially reduced. In this trial, 108 previously untreated patients with locally advanced and generalized PC were examined and followed up for 12 months. The efficacy of a leuprorelin formulation as microspheres (Lucrin depot) was evaluated in these patients as compared with a group of patients receiving other LHRH analogues based on goserelin, triptorelin, buserelin, and other leuprorelin formulations. It has been shown that leuprorelin acetate (Lucrin depot) is an effective and rather safe LHRH analogue. It is a long-acting drug, as microspheres in the drug delivery system, it ensures a steady-state reduction in testosterone levels, is easy-to-use, exerts a minimal side effect, is well tolerated by patients and, what is important, makes it possible to avoid peak serum testosterone levels, which assures the maximum clinical effect, the drug may be recommended for use alone or in combination with other hormonal agents in patients with PC. Interruption of the courses of hormonal treatment during strict monitoring (an intermittent therapy regimen) improves its tolerability and permits a reduction in the acuteness and severity of complications of hormone therapy.