The second part of the review discusses dermatoscopic criteria for diagnosing basal cell carcinoma. In addition, the authors present a severe clinical case of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in a 52-year-old patient. The presented clinical case illustrates frequently occurred in practice patient’s ignoration of the timely recommendations of dermatovenereologist to urgently visit an oncologist for diagnosis verification and choice of treatment strategy. This type of ignoration and repression of the problem is one of the common ways of psychic defense for patients with oncology. Therefore, psychological factors that influence the patient’s emotional reactions due to the disease, his adherence to treatment, motivation for recovery, as well as desire to remain healthy and follow a healthy lifestyle, play an important role in the treatment and prevention of oncological diseases. Unfortunately, even in cases of early diagnosis of oncological diseases and timely referral to an oncologist, patients do not always follow this referral and agree with the necessity of treatment. The prevention of basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas primarily involves timely detection and active treatment of pre-malignant conditions, which requires oncological alertness from cosmetologists and dermatologists.