The role of mast cells in physiological and complicated pregnancy

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Mast cells (MCs) are highly differentiated and multifunctional immune cells. The importance of TC has been established not only as mediators of allergic reactions, but also for the development of an immune response, the occurrence of certain autoimmune diseases, tissue homeostasis, the formation of immunotolerance and metastasis of malignant tumors. MCs are present in the endometrium of women in various value depending on age, the phase of the menstrual cycle, the presence of pregnancy. Out of pregnancy, MCs are involved in the cyclic transformation of the uterine mucosa. At the onset of pregnancy, MCs stimulate the process of remodeling of the spiral arteries, the production of leukemia-inhibiting factor (LIF), which is the main implantation factor, and contribute to the formation of an immunotolerant state of the mother in relation to the fetus. Obstetric complications are accompanied by a variable content of MCs, which is associated with different genesis of diseases. A low amount of MCs is associated with impaired implantation and the development of early preeclampsia, an increased content of MCs is observed in the presence of a pathological inflammatory reaction that accompanies late preeclampsia. This review is devoted to the significance of MCs and their mediators in the physiological course of pregnancy, as well as their participation in the pathogenetic mechanisms of pregnancy complications.

Keywords:

mast cells

placenta

obstetric pathology

Authors:

Shamarakova M.V.

Center for Family Planning and Reproduction

ORCID: 0000-0002-0972-4350

Nizyaeva N.V.

Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of «Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery»

ORCID: 0000-0001-5592-5690

Bogdanova I.M.

Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of «Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery»

ORCID: 0000-0002-6529-8149

Boltovskaya M.N.

Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of «Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery»

ORCID: 0000-0002-9751-2066

Artem’eva K.A.

B.V. Petrovsky Russian Scientific Center of Surgery

SPIN RSCI: 2057-7745
Scopus AuthorID: 56431037100
ORCID: 0000-0002-1014-752X

Mikhaleva L.M.

A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology

ORCID: 0000-0003-2052-914X

Received:

20.12.2022

Accepted:

22.02.2023

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