The site of the Media Sphera Publishers contains materials intended solely for healthcare professionals.
By closing this message, you confirm that you are a certified medical professional or a student of a medical educational institution.

Login
EN
+7 (495) 482-4118
+7 (495) 482-4329
+8 800 250-18-12
  • (toll-free number for subscriptions)
    Mon-Fri from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.

  • © 1998-2026
+7 (495) 482-43-29
EN
All journals
Journal
Year
Year
Search result: 0

Zinchuk M.S.

Solov’ev Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia

Guekht A.B.

Solov’ev Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry

Guliaeva N.V.

Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Avedisova A.S.

Serbsky Federal Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology

Akzhigitov R.G.

Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology;
Soloviev Scientific and Practical Center of Psychoneurology

Grishkina M.N.

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow

Biological basis of suicidal behavior

Authors:

Zinchuk M.S., Guekht A.B., Guliaeva N.V., Avedisova A.S., Akzhigitov R.G., Grishkina M.N.

More about the authors

Journal: S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2016;116(8): 94‑101

DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20161168194-101

Read: 8201 times

Download PDF (RU)
Contact the author
Table of contents

BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR
BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR

To cite this article:

Zinchuk MS, Guekht AB, Guliaeva NV, Avedisova AS, Akzhigitov RG, Grishkina MN. Biological basis of suicidal behavior. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2016;116(8):94‑101. (In Russ.)
https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro20161168194-101

Подписка 2026 Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова (S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry)
МСФ на ЯМ
Использование инфографики авторами научных работ
Close metadata
Recommended articles:
Features of depressive diso­rders and suicidal beha­vior in multiple scle­rosis. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(9):7-13
Effe­cts of sema­glutide on mental health. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(9):28-36
Neurobiological basis of suicidal beha­vior in adolescents. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(10-2):5-11
Constitutional and morphological bases of suicidal beha­vior in patients with schi­zophrenia. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(11):52-56
Abstract:

Based on current clinical and classification concepts of suicidality, the biological parameters characteristic of suicidal behavior, completed and uncompleted suicides reported in the last few decades are discussed. The results obtained in the studies of neurotransmitter and other brain systems, immune system, lipid and other types of metabolism as well as data of neuroimaging brain studies and post-mortem investigation of brain structures are presented.

Keywords:

suicidality
suicidal thoughts
suicidal behavior
suicidal attempts
neurobiology of suicide

Authors:

Zinchuk M.S.

Solov’ev Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia

Guekht A.B.

Solov’ev Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry

Guliaeva N.V.

Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Avedisova A.S.

Serbsky Federal Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology

Akzhigitov R.G.

Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology;
Soloviev Scientific and Practical Center of Psychoneurology

Grishkina M.N.

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow

Close metadata

References:

  1. World Health Organization. Preventing suicide: A global imperative. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2014.
  2. Harris EC, Barraclough B. Suicide as an outcome for mental disorders. A meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry. 1997;170:205-228.  doi: 10.1192/bjp.170.3.205
  3. Kessler RC, Borges G, Walters EE. Prevalence of and risk factors for lifetime suicide attempts in the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1999;56(7):617-626.  doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.7.617
  4. Wilcox HC, Conner KR, Caine ED. Association of alcohol and drug use disorders and completed suicide: an empirical review of cohort studies. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2004;76(suppl):11-19.  doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.08.003
  5. Nock MK, Borges G, Bromet EJ, Alonso J, Angermeyer M, Beautrais A, Bruffaerts R, Chiu WT, de Girolamo G, Gluzman S, de Graaf R, Gureje O, Haro JM, Huang Y, Karam E, Kessler RC, Lepine JP, Levinson D, Medina-Mora ME, Ono Y, Posada-Villa J, Williams D. Cross-national prevalence and risk factors for suicidal ideation, plans and attempts. Br J Psychiatry. 2008;192(2):98-105.  doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.107.040113
  6. Oh SH, Lee KU, Kim SH, Park KN, Kim YM, Kim HJ. Factors associated with choice of high lethality methods in suicide attempters: a cross-sectional study. Int J Ment Health Syst. 2014;8:43.  doi: 10.1186/1752-4458-8-43
  7. Conner KR, Bossarte RM, He H, Arora J, Lu N, Tu XM, Katz IR.Posttraumatic stress disorder and suicide in 5.9 million individuals receiving care in the veterans health administration health system. J Affect Disord. 2014;166:1-5.  doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.04.067
  8. Suominen K, Isometsä E,1Ostamo A, Lönnqvist J. Level of suicidal intent predicts overall mortality and suicide after attempted suicide: a 12-year follow-up study. BMC Psychiatry. 2004;4:11.  doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-4-11
  9. Hayashi N, Igarashi M, Imai A, Yoshizawa Y, Utsumi K, Ishikawa Y, Tokunaga T, Ishimoto K, Harima H, Tatebayashi Y, Kumagai N, Nozu M, Ishii H, Okazaki Y. Post-hospitalization course and predictive signs of suicidal behavior of suicidal patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital: a 2-year prospective follow-up study. BMC Psychiatry. 2012;12:186.  doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-12-186
  10. Nock MK, Borges G, Bromet EJ, Cha CB, Kessler RC, Lee S. Suicide and Suicidal. Behavior Epidemiol Rev. 2008;30(1):133-154.  doi: 10.1093/epirev/mxn002
  11. Selby EA, Kranzler A, Fehling KB, Panza E. Nonsuicidal self-injury disorder: The path to diagnostic validity and final obstacles. Clin Psychol Rev. 2015;38:79-91.  doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2015.03.003
  12. McMillan KA, Enns MW, Asmundson GJ, Sareen J. The association between income and distress, mental disorders, and suicidal ideation and attempts: findings from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys. J Clin Psychiatry. 2010;71(9):1168-1175. doi: 10.4088/JCP.08m04986gry
  13. Adams DM, Overholser JC, Spirito A. Stressful life events associated with adolescent suicide attempts. Can J Psychiatry. 1994;39(1):43-48.
  14. Slap G, Goodman E, Huang B. Adoption as a risk factor for attempted suicide during adolescence. Pediatrics. 2001;108(2):30.  doi:10.1542/peds.108.2.e30
  15. Kattimani S, Sarkar S, Rajkumar RP, Menon V. Stressful life events, hopelessness, and coping strategies among impulsive suicide attempters. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2015;6(2):171-176.  doi: 10.4103/0976-3147.153222.
  16. Kamali M, Oquendo MA, Mann JJ. Understanding the neurobiology of suicidal behavior. Depress Anxiety. 2001;14(3):164-176.  doi:10.1002/da.1062
  17. Lindström MB, Ryding E, Bosson P, Ahnlide JA, Rosén I, Träskman-Bendz L. Impulsivity related to brain serotonin transporter binding capacity in suicide attempters. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2004;14(4):295-300.  doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2003.11.001
  18. Pandey GN. Biological basis of suicide and suicidal behavior. Bipolar Disord. 2013;15(5):524-541.  doi: 10.1111/bdi.12089
  19. Nordström P, Samuelsson M, Asberg M, Träskman-Bendz L, Aberg-Wistedt A, Nordin C, Bertilsson L. CSF 5-HIAA predicts suicide risk after attempted suicide. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 1994;24(1):1-9.
  20. Bach H, Arango V. Neuroanatomy of Serotonergic Abnormalities in Suicide. Editors In: Dwivedi Y, editor. Source The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; 2012. Chapter 2. Frontiers in Neuroscience. doi: 10.1201/b12215-3
  21. Asberg M, Träskman L, Thorén P. 5-HIAA in the cerebrospinal fluid. A biochemical suicide predictor? Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1976;33(10):1193-1197. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770100055005
  22. Lester D. The concentration of neurotransmitter metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid of suicidal individuals: a meta-analysis. Pharmacopsychiatry. 1995;28(2):45-50.  doi:10.1055/s-2007-979587
  23. Sher L, Carballo JJ, Grunebaum MF, Burke AK, Zalsman G, Huang YY, Mann JJ, Oquendo MA. A prospective study of the association of cerebrospinal fluid monoamine metabolite levels with lethality of suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2006;8(5 Pt 2):543-550.  doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2006.00319.x
  24. Carlborg A, Jokinen J, Nordström AL, Jönsson EG, Nordström P. CSF 5-HIAA, attempted suicide and suicide risk in schizophrenia spectrum psychosis. Schizophr Res. 2009;112(1-3):80-85.  doi:10.1016/j.schres.2009.04.006
  25. Arango V, Underwood MD, Boldrini M, Tamir H, Kassir SA, Hsiung S, Chen JJ, Mann JJ. Serotonin 1A receptors, serotonin transporter binding and serotonin transporter mRNA expression in the brainstem of depressed suicide victims. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2001;25(6):892-903.  doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(01)00310-4
  26. Pandey GN, Pandey SC, Dwivedi Y, Sharma RP, Janicak PG, Davis JM. Platelet serotonin-2A receptors: a potential biological marker for suicidal behavior. Am J Psychiatry. 1995;152(6):850-855.  doi:10.1176/ajp.152.6.850
  27. Pandey GN, Pandey SC, Ren X, Dwivedi Y, Janicak PG. Serotonin receptors in platelets of bipolar and schizoaffective patients: effect of lithium treatment. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003;170(2):115-123.  doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1530-y
  28. Marcinko D, Pivac N, Martinac M, Jakovljević M, Mihaljević-Peles A, Muck-Seler D. Platelet serotonin and serum cholesterol concentrations in suicidal and non-suicidal male patients with a first episode of psychosis. Psychiatry Res. 2007;150(1):105-108.  doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2006.08.012
  29. Coccaro EF, Siever LJ, Klar HM, Maurer G, Cochrane K, Cooper TB, Mohs RC, Davis KL. Serotonergic studies in patients with affective and personality disorders. Correlates with suicidal and impulsive aggressive behavior. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1989;46(7):587-599.  doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810070013002
  30. Cleare AJ, Murray RM, O'Keane V. Reduced prolactin and cortisol responses to d-fenfluramine in depressed compared to healthy matched control subjects. Neuropsychopharmacology. 1996;14(5):349-354.  doi:10.1016/0893-133x(95)00144-3
  31. Corrêa H, Romano-Silva MA, Duval F, Campi-Azevedo AC, Lima V, Macher JP. Research on serotonin and suicidal behavior: neuroendocrine and molecular approaches. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2002;4(4):408-416.
  32. Uh I, Illes F, Graßnickel V, Echterhoff S, Norra C, Juckel G. Loudness dependence of auditory evoked potentials (LDAEP) in clinical monitoring of suicidal patients with major depression: a pilot study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2012;262(6):487-492.  doi: 10.1007/s00406-012-0297-8
  33. Kim DH, Park YM. The association between suicidality and serotonergic dysfunction in depressed patients. J Affect Disord. 2013;148(1):72-76.  doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.11.051
  34. Park YM, Lee BH, Lee SH. The association between serum lipid levels, suicide ideation, and central serotonergic activity in patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord. 2014;159:62-65.  doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.01.016
  35. Du L, Faludi G, Palkovits M, Bakish D, Hrdina PD. Serotonergic genes and suicidality. Crisis. 2001;22(2):54-60.  doi:10.1027//0227-5910.22.2.54
  36. Neves FS, Malloy-Diniz LF, Romano-Silva MA, Aguiar GC, de Matos LO, Correa H. Is the serotonin transporter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) a potential marker for suicidal behavior in bipolar disorder patients? J Affect Disord. 2010;125(1-3):98-102.  doi:10.1016/j.jad.2009.12.026
  37. Labonté B, Suderman M, Maussion G, Navaro L, Yerko V, Mahar I, Bureau A, Mechawar N, Szyf M, Meaney MJ, Turecki G. Genome-wide epigenetic regulation by early-life trauma. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2012;69(7):722-731.  doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.2287
  38. Oquendo MA, Sullivan GM, Sudol K, Baca-Garcia E, Stanley BH, Sublette ME, Mann JJ. Toward a biosignature for suicide. Am J Psychiatry. 2014;171(12):1259-1277. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.14020194
  39. Tripodianakis J, Markianos M, Sarantidis D, Agouridaki M. Biogenic amine turnover and serum cholesterol in suicide attempt. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2002;252:38-43.  doi:10.1007/s004060200007
  40. Pandey GN, Dwivedi Y. Peripheral Biomarkers for Suicide. Editors. In: Dwivedi Y, editor. Source The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; 2012. Chapter 20. Frontiers in Neuroscience.
  41. Ostroff RB, Giller E, Harkness L, Mason J. The norepinephrine-to-epinephrine ratio in patients with a history of suicide attempts. Am J Psychiatry. 1985;142:224-227.  doi:10.1176/ajp.142.2.224
  42. Laje G, Allen AS, Akula N, Manji H, John Rush A, McMahon FJ. Genome-wide association study of suicidal ideation emerging during citalopram treatment of depressed outpatients. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2009;19(9):666-674.  doi: 10.1097/FPC.0b013e32832e4bcd
  43. Ghaziuddin N, King CA, Welch K, Ghaziuddin M. Depressed suicidal adolescent males have an altered cortisol response to a pharmacological challenge. Asian J Psychiatr. 2014;7(1):28-33.  doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2013.10.005
  44. Beauchaine TP, Crowell SE, Hsiao RC. Post-dexamethasone cortisol, self-inflicted injury, and suicidal ideation among depressed adolescent girls. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2015;43(4):619-632.  doi: 10.1007/s10802-014-9933-2
  45. Jokinen J, Nordström AL, Nordström P. CSF 5-HIAA and DST non-suppression - orthogonal biologic risk factors for suicide in male mood disorder inpatients. Psychiatry Res. 2009;165(1-2):96-102.  doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.10.007
  46. Horn M, Potvin S, Allaire JF, Côté G, Gobbi G, Benkirane K, Vachon J, Dumais A. Male inmate profiles and their biological correlates. Can J Psychiatry. 2014;59(8):441-449.
  47. Guintivano J, Brown T, Newcomer A, Jones M, Cox O, Maher BS, Eaton WW, Payne JL, Wilcox HC, Kaminsky ZA. Identification and replication of a combined epigenetic and genetic biomarker predicting suicide and suicidal behaviors. Am J Psychiatry. 2014;171(12):1287-1296. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.14010008
  48. Fragoso YD, Frota ER, Lopes JS, Noal JS, Giacomo MC, Gomes S, Gonçalves MV, da Gama PD, Finkelsztejn A. Severe depression, suicide attempts, and ideation during the use of interferon beta by patients with multiple sclerosis. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2010;33:312-316.  doi:10.1097/wnf.0b013e3181f8d513
  49. Pandey GN, Rizavi HS, Ren X, Fareed J, Hoppensteadt DA, Roberts RC, Conley RR, Dwivedi Y. Proinflammatory cytokines in the prefrontal cortex of teenage suicide victims. J Psychiatr Res. 2012;46:57-63.  doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.08.006
  50. Tonelli LH, Stiller J, Rujescu D, Giegling I, Schneider B, Maurer K, Schnabel A, Möller HJ, Chen HH, Postolache TT. Elevated cytokine expression in the orbitofrontal cortex of victims of suicide. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2008;117:198-206.  doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01128.x
  51. Steiner J, Bielau H, Brisch R, Danos P, Ullrich O, Mawrin C, Bernstein HG, Bogerts B. Immunological aspects in the neurobiology of suicide: elevated microglial density in schizophrenia and depression is associated with suicide. J Psychiatr Res. 2008;42:151-157.  doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.10.013
  52. Schnieder TP, Trencevska I, Rosoklija G, Stankov A, Mann JJ, Smiley J, Dwork AJ. Microglia of prefrontal white matter in suicide. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2014;73(9):880-890.  doi: 10.1097/NEN.0000000000000107
  53. Falcone T, Fazio V, Lee C, Simon B, Franco K, Marchi N, Janigro D. Serum S100B: a potential biomarker for suicidality in adolescents? PLoS One. 2010;5(6):11089. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011089
  54. Janelidze S, Suchankova P, Ekman A, Erhardt S, Sellgren C, Samuelsson M, Westrin A, Minthon L, Hansson O, Träskman-Bendz L, Brundin L. Low IL-8 is associated with anxiety in suicidal patients: genetic variation and decreased protein levels. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2015;131(4):269-278.  doi: 10.1111/acps.12339
  55. Isung J, Mobarrez F, Nordström P, Asberg M, Jokinen J. Low plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) associated with completed suicide. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2012;13(6):468-473.  doi: 10.3109/15622975.2011.624549
  56. Zhang L, Su TP, Choi K, Maree W, Li CT, Chung MY, Chen YS, Bai YM, Chou YH, Barker JL, Barrett JE, Li XX, Li H, Benedek DM, Ursano R. P11 (S100A10) as a potential biomarker of psychiatric patients at risk of suicide. J Psychiatr Res. 2011;45(4):435-441.  doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.08.012
  57. Park YM, Lee BH, Um TH, Kim S. Serum BDNF levels in relation to illness severity, suicide attempts, and central serotonin activity in patients with major depressive disorder: a pilot study. PLoS One. 2014;9(3):91061. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091061
  58. Lewis MD, Hibbeln JR, Johnson JE, Lin YH, Hyun DY, Loewke JD. Suicide Deaths of Active Duty U.S. Military and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Status: A Case Control Comparison. J Clin Psychiatry. 2011;72(12):1585-1590. doi: 10.4088/JCP.11m06879
  59. Golier JA, Marzuk PM, Leon AC, Weiner C, Tardiff K. Low serum cholesterol level and attempted suicide. Am J Psychiatry. 1995;152(3):419-423.  doi:10.1176/ajp.152.3.419
  60. Rybakowski J, Ainiyet J, Szajnerman Z, Zakrzewska M. The study of the relationship between cholesterol and lipid concentration and suicidal behavior in patients with schizophrenia affective illness. Psychiatr Pol. 1996;30(5):699-712.
  61. Vuksan-Cusa B, Marcinko D, Nad S, Jakovljević M. Differences in cholesterol and metabolic syndrome between bipolar disorder men with and without suicide attempts. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2009;33(1):109-112.  doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2008.10.017
  62. De Berardis D, Conti CM, Serroni N, Moschetta FS, Carano A, Salerno RM, Cavuto M, Farina B, Alessandrini M, Janiri L, Pozzi G, Di Giannantonio M. The role of cholesterol levels in mood disorders and suicide. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2009;23(3):133-140.
  63. Ainiyet B, Rybakowski JK. Suicidal behaviour and lipid levels in unipolar and bipolar depression. Acta Neuropsychiatr. 2014;26(5):315-320.  doi: 10.1017/neu.2014.18
  64. Pompili M, Serafini G, Palermo M, Seretti ME, Stefani H, Angeletti G, Lester D, Amore M, Girardi P. Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis and prolactin abnormalities in suicidal behavior. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2013;12(7):954-970.  doi:10.2174/18715273113129990098
  65. Dwivedi Y, Rizavi HS, Conley RR, Roberts RC, Tamminga CA, Pandey GN. Altered gene expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and receptor tyrosine kinase B in postmortem brain of suicide subjects. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003;60(8):804-815.  doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.8.804
  66. Karege F, Vaudan G, Schwald M, Perroud N, La Harpe R. Neurotrophin levels in postmortem brains of suicide victims and the effects of antemortem diagnosis and psychotropic drugs. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2005;136(1-2):29-37.  doi:10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.12.020
  67. Paska AV, Zupanc T, Pregelj P. The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the pathophysiology of suicidal behavior. Psychiatr Danub. 2013;25(suppl 2):341-344.
  68. Kim JM, Kang HJ, Bae KY, Kim SW, Shin IS, Kim HR, Shin MG, Yoon JS. Association of BDNF promoter methylation and genotype with suicidal ideation in elderly Koreans. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2014;22(10):989-996.  doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2014.02.011
  69. Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Roy A, Iacoviello L, Cuomo C, Latella MC, di Giannantonio M, Janiri L, de Gaetano M, Janal MN. Association of polymorphism (Val66Met) of brain-derived neurotrophic factor with suicide attempts in depressed patients. Neuropsychobiology. 2008;57(3):139-145.  doi: 10.1159/000142361
  70. Ratta-Apha W, Hishimoto A, Yoshida M, Ueno Y, Asano M, Shirakawa O, Sora I. Association study of BDNF with completed suicide in the Japanese population. Psychiatry Res. 2013;209(3):734-736.  doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.05.030
  71. Schenkel LC, Segal J, Becker JA, Manfro GG, Bianchin MM, Leistner-Segal S. The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism is an independent risk factor for high lethality in suicide attempts of depressed patients. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2010;34(6):940-944.  doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.04.023
  72. Harrisberger F, Smieskova R, Schmidt A, Lenz C, Walter A, Wittfeld K, Grabe HJ, Lang UE, Fusar-Poli P, Borgwardt S. BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and hippocampal volume in neuropsychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2015;55:107-118.  doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.04.017
  73. Dwivedi Y, Rizavi HS, Zhang H, Roberts RC, Conley RR, Pandey GN. Aberrant extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signalling in suicide brain: role of ERK kinase 1 (MEK1). Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2009;12(10):1337-1254. doi: 10.1017/S1461145709990575
  74. Dwivedi Y, Pandey GN. Elucidating biological risk factors in suicide: role of protein kinase A. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2011;35(4):831-841.  doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.08.025
  75. Zhang J. Epidemiological link between low cholesterol and suicidality: a puzzle never finished. Nutr Neurosci. 2011;14(6):268-287.  doi: 10.1179/1476830511Y.0000000021
  76. Fiori LM, Mechawar N, Turecki G. Identification and characterization of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase promoter variants in suicide completers. Biol Psychiatry. 2009;66(5):460-467.  doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.04.002
  77. Le-Niculescu H, Levey DF, Ayalew M, Palmer L, Gavrin LM, Jain N, Winiger E, Bhosrekar S, Shankar G, Radel M, Bellanger E, Duckworth H, Olesek K, Vergo J, Schweitzer R, Yard M, Ballew A, Shekhar A, Sandusky GE, Schork NJ, Kurian SM, Salomon DR, Niculescu AB 3rd. Discovery and validation of blood biomarkers for suicidality. Mol Psychiatry. 2013;18(12):1249-1264. doi: 10.1038/mp.2013.95
  78. Desmyter S, van Heeringen C, Audenaert K. Structural and functional neuroimaging studies of the suicidal brain. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2011;35(4):796-808.  doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.12.026
  79. Minzenberg MJ, Lesh TA, Niendam TA, Yoon JH, Rhoades RN, Carter CS. Frontal cortex control dysfunction related to long-term suicide risk in recent-onset schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2014;157(1-3):19-25.  doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.05.039
  80. Lopez-Larson M, King JB, McGlade E, Bueler E, Stoeckel A, Epstein DJ, Yurgelun-Todd D. Enlarged thalamic volumes and increased fractional anisotropy in the thalamic radiations in veterans with suicide behaviors. Front Psychiatry. 2013;4:83.  doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00083
  81. Peng H, Wu K, Li J, Qi H, Guo S, Chi M, Wu X, Guo Y, Yang Y, Ning Y. Increased suicide attempts in young depressed patients with abnormal temporal-parietal-limbic gray matter volume. J Affect Disord. 2014;165:69-73.  doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.04.046
  82. Mann JJ, Arango VA, Avenevoli S, Brent DA, Champagne FA, Clayton P, Currier D, Dougherty DM, Haghighi F, Hodge SE, Kleinman J, Lehner T, McMahon F, Mościcki EK, Oquendo MA, Pandey GN, Pearson J, Stanley B, Terwilliger J, Wenzel A. Candidate endophenotypes for genetic studies of suicidal behavior. Biol Psychiatry. 2009;65(7):556-563.  doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.11.021
Contact the author
Email
Message
The publishing house "Media Sphere" does not provide treatment services, does not give recommendations on contacting medical institutions and specific specialists, on the prescription of medicines and dietary supplements.

Email Confirmation

An email was sent to test@gmail.com with a confirmation link. Follow the link from the letter to complete the registration on the site.

Email Confirmation

Submit Application

You can become an author of one of our magazines, send a request and we will consider it in during the day.

Name
Phone
E-mail
Message
Login
Registration
E-mail
Password
Forgot Password?

Log in to the site using your account in one of the services

Password recovery
E-mail
Login
Register

We use cооkies to improve the performance of the site. By staying on our site, you agree to the terms of use of cооkies. To view our Privacy and Cookie Policy, please. click here.