Factors affecting adherence to CPAP therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

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OBJECTIVE

Analysis of factors affecting adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The literature search was carried out using the databases PubMED, Google Scholar, E-library, Cyberleninka for the period 2013—2023 and included reviews and original articles.

RESULTS

The main groups of factors affecting adherence to CPAP therapy in patients with OSA have been established. These include sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors, the severity of OSA and the severity of clinical symptoms, and psychosocial factors. Strategies that can improve adherence were identified (educational technologies for patients, telemedicine technologies, behavioral therapy, modern technical interventions).

CONCLUSION

Factors that improve adherence to CPAP therapy are high levels of education and income, more severe OSA forms accompanied by daytime sleepiness, support from the patient’s spouse and social support. Factors such as low levels of education and income, smoking, symptoms of depression and hypochondria, as well as side-effects worsen adherence to CPAP therapy, including refusal to continue treatment. It should be noted that all the identified factors are very closely associated with each other, so it is necessary to evaluate them comprehensively in each patient with OSA.

Keywords:

obstructive sleep apnea

CPAP therapy

adherence

Authors:

Rubanenko A.O.

Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russia

ORCID: 0000-0002-3996-4689

Dyachkov V.A.

Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russia

ORCID: 0000-0001-8891-6088

Miroshnichenko A.I.

Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russia

ORCID: 0000-0003-0240-9144

Received:

13.02.2024

Accepted:

04.03.2024

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