The results of the clinical and epidemiological study of epilepsy in the Soviet region of Makhachkala city and the Khasavurt region of the Dagestan Republic are presented. The sample size was 139.115 in the Soviet region and 101.278 in the Khasavurt region, The samples included 344 and 338 patients with epilepsy, respectively. The age- and sex- standardized prevalence of epilepsy was 2.06 (CI95% 1.80-2.32) cases per 1000 population in the Soviet region and 2.98 (CI95% 2.60-3.35) cases per 1000 population in the Khasavurt region (p=0.05). The prevalence of epilepsy was higher in men. Focal (location-related) forms of epilepsy were most frequent, with the highest frequency of partial seizures with secondary generalization. Cranial-brain injury, intra- and perinatal pathology and cerebral vascular diseases were the main causes of the development of focal epilepsies. Seizure frequency greater than 12 per year was noted in more than a half of patients. The study of social aspects showed that only small portion of patients worked, most of patients received disability pensions. Differences in the education level were identified as well.