Ophthalmological complications after filler injections for aesthetic improvement in various regions of human face are extremely rare. Among them, blindness is considered the most dangerous and almost irreversible. Over 100 cases of vision loss, described by specialists from different countries of Asia, Europe and North America, give evidence that real statistics may be significantly higher. While autologous fat is the most frequent cause of blindness, partial vision recovery was described after hyaluronic acid filler and calcium hydroxyapatite injections. This article attempts to summarize the data from available publications and inform the specialists about the potential risk areas, clinical manifestations, as well as preventive and treatment methods in case such complications do develop.