This article presents a study of genetic polymorphism of S. aureus, determining factors of pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance in furunculosis maxillofacial region with an explanation of their etiopathogenetic basis, as well as exploring new sources of pathogens in foci of inflammation. Analysis of the data revealed a preferential representation of methicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus (MRSA, in 58.54% of the cases), expressing cytolytic toxin (PVL-F, in 58,54%) and staphylococcal enterotoxin C (SEC3, in 41,46% of the cases), determining the nature of the disease (relapse), the results of the study. Thus, these findings suggest that etiologically important role of S. aureus, persisting in the mucosa of the nasal passages, throat and skin, the appearance of purulent lesions of soft tissues, and suggest that the presence of proteins — PVL, enterotoxin C3, is pategeneticheskoy cause of relapse and boil the maxillofacial region.