Aim. The objective of the present study was to improve the surgical treatment of the patients presenting with snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome. Patients and methods. The study included 75 patients presenting with OSA syndrome in the mild and moderately severe form accompanied by snoring. All the patients were given the surgical treatment based at the Research and Clinical Centre of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal Medico-Biological Agency of the Russian Federation. The patients were allocated to the three groups each comprised of 75 subjects with mild and moderately severe OSA syndrome. The patients of group 1 (control group) underwent soft palate implantation with the cold-plasma resection of the palatine uvula and the posterior arches, those of group 2 cold-plasma anterior palatoplasty, and the patients of group 3 cold-plasma anterior palatoplasty with the resection of the mucous membrane of the posterior palatine arches and the uvula. Results. The results of the study obtained with the use of the visual analogue scale (VAS) for the evaluation of the character of snoring by the permanent partner, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale questionnaire, control and repeated polysomnography (PSG) were used for the purpose of the comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the above surgical modalities within 6 months and one year after the onset of the treatment. Conclusion. The surgical treatment of the patients presenting with snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome in the mild and moderately severe form the following types of surgical intervention were developed and recommended for the application under the practical clinical conditions: the cold-plasma anterior palatoplasty and cold-plasma anterior palatoplasty with the resection of the mucous membrane of the posterior palatine arches and the uvula. The choice of the concrete approach is made on an individual basis depending on the presence of hypertrophy of the mucous membrane of the posterior palatine arches and the uvula taking into consideration the pain sensitivity threshold of a given patient.