Colon polyps represent one of the most common precancerous conditions. Early diagnosis and endoscopic intervention are essential for their prevention. Risk factors include age, genetic factors, diet, and bad habits. Colonoscopy plays a key role in the detection and treatment of polyposis. Various changes in the body may indicate a health disorder, including suspicion of colon cancer. Asymptomatic course complicates early diagnosis; therefore, endoscopic methods (colonoscopy, chromoendoscopy) and an multidisciplinary approach are necessary for the timely treatment and prevention of cancer.

OBJECTIVE

To demonstrate the importance of early cancer alertness, endoscopic diagnosis, and multidisciplinary management of patients with polyposis to prevent malignancy promptly.

RESULTS

The patient (height 168 cm, body weight 70 kg, body mass index 24.8 kg/m², normal values) without active symptoms during computed tomography and ultrasound examination was diagnosed with an extraorgan mass in the retroperitoneal space (35.5×26.4 mm) and liver and kidney cysts. Multiple colon polyps (3—50 mm) with suspected malignancy were found during video colonoscopy. Histological examination confirmed adenomatous polyps with atypia. The treatment approach included polypectomy, observation, and exclusion of the malignancy.

CONCLUSION

Early endoscopic removal of polyps reduces the risk of colorectal cancer. A multidisciplinary approach (involving gastroenterologists, oncologists, and surgeons) and routine screening of at-risk patients (age, family history, inflammatory diseases) is critical. Promoting clinical check-ups and using modern imaging techniques increase the effectiveness of prevention and treatment.