Abstract Quality control procedures are designed to evaluate biosamples and data used in scientific research. This is crucial to ensure the reliability of the data obtained. The important and effective tool for standardizing the preanalytical stage and for preserving a large number of biological samples is the creation of a biobank. The biobank is a structure for collecting, storing, and providing biological samples and related data, which follows standard operating procedures and provides materials for scientific use. Both strict documentation procedures throughout the life cycle of a biosample, as well as quality control procedures, which determine the temporal characteristics of the stages of sample preparation, are important in scientific research. In addition, if a biomaterial should be used to study certain diseases, it is possible to evaluate a number of parameters showing the suitability of specific biosamples for research in this area. Thus, quality control of biosamples is an integral component of biobank activities. The quality control tools can be divided into two types: diagnostic (assessing the biological sample processing stages) and prognostic (assessing the feasibility and/or reliability of a subsequent analysis). The most easily applicable tools are markers with the known threshold for preanalytical deviation and those with the known reference range for quality control analysis. To fully assess the quality of a biosample, several quality control markers are needed. The paper presents the most promising tools for the quality control of biological serum and plasma samples, which have been determined by the Group of Experts of the International Society for Biological and Environmental Repositories (ISBER). The information given in the paper is of value to all scientists conducting research with biological samples.