In recent years, much attention has been given to monitoring the indicators reflecting the population’s health in Russia. Objective  — to study specialists’ opinion on the need to monitor mortality in the country. Material and methods. The State Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health of Russia, proposed to answer the specialists’ questions as to which of the 8 listed mortality indicators should be monitored monthly and at what level (a municipality, a subject of the Russian Federation, and the latter as a whole). There were a total of 226 received questionnaires, 2 comparison groups (57 workers from prevention and health centers and/or freelance preventive medicine specialists from the healthcare departments; and 169 questionnaires from respondents engaged in related fields). Results. There is no consensus of opinion among the physicians regarding the put questions. 81, 77.4, and 79.2% of the specialists, whether they are engaged in preventive medicine or related fields, have recognized that indicators, such as non-standardized mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, community-acquired mortality, should be monitored monthly. Most respondents consider it appropriate to monitor at the level of both a subject of the Russian Federation and the latter as a whole. There is a wide scatter in the opinions as to other indicators and on the expediency of daily monitoring and on its level. There was a low, but statistically significant level of agreement between the specialists in their answers to the questions (p<0.0001). Conclusion. It should be recognized reasonable to monthly monitor the indicators non-standardized and standardized mortality rates and community-acquired mortality. Other indicators should be used to compare the time course of changes at a longer interval and to conduct researches.