The incidence of malignancies remains one of the most significant present-day problems due to its steady rise, prolonged disability, increasing disability rates, and considerable direct and indirect economic losses. The main medical statistical indicators of malignancy morbidity in the Samara Region were analyzed on the basis of the official data of medical records of the Samara Regional Oncology Dispensary over 11 years (2000-2010). To assess the impact of the age-gender composition of the population on morbidity rates, the authors comparatively analyzed it in relation to the demographic characteristics of the population. The specific features of the prevalence of malignancies were studied depending on the type of population settlement in the Samara Region (its towns and districts). A long-term prediction was made for the number of first detected cases of malignancies in the Samara Region till 2025.