Oligodendroglial tumors: сurrent view of their molecular biological characteristics and possibilities of treatment

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The review gives data on the molecular biology of oligodendroglial brain tumors that are a group of glial tumors, which differs substantially in its biology from astrocytic tumors. Oligodendrogliomas show characteristic mutations, such as LOH 1p/19q, IDH1 mutation, MGMT gene promoter methylation, as well as hypermethylated phenotype (GCIMP), which are responsible for less malignant disease than that with astrocytomas, on the one hand, and for a high sensitivity to chemotherapy, on the other. The long-term results of large randomized trials support the benefits of chemotherapy used in patients with LOH 1p/19q. Radiotherapy as the only treatment option cannot be longer regarded as adequate in this patient group. Nitrourea- or temozolomide-based chemotherapy regimens are equally effective. Second or subsequent lines of chemotherapy may use carboplatin, teniposide (or etoposide), irinotecan, and bevacizumab. Whether it is advisable to prescribe targeted drugs requires further clinical trials.

Keywords:

oligodendoglioma

molecular biology

chemotherap

Authors:

Borisov K.E.

GUZ "Respublikanskiĭ klinicheskiĭ onkologicheskiĭ dispanser" Minzdrava Respubliki Bashkortostan, Ufa

Sakaeva D.D.

GBUZ "Bashkirskiĭ respublikanskiĭ klinicheskiĭ onkologicheskiĭ dispanser", Ufa

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