The authors discuss the contribution of the outstanding Simferopol surgeon Alexander Fedorovich Kablukov to development of surgery in the Taurida gubernia at the end of the 19^th — beginning of the 20^th century. To date, there is no detailed information about his biography in the literature. The only fact associated with this surgeon is his famous surgery, i.e. the first cholecystectomy described in detail in national literature. Considering pre-revolutionary sources and archival documents, we established that A.F. Kablukov contributed to the new quality level of surgical treatment in the Taurida gubernatorial hospital (the largest hospital in this gubernia).