Aim — the objective of the present study was to elucidate the specific features of rat tissue sclerous transformation after the administration of the autologic multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells of a bone marrow origin (AMMSCBMO) in the experiment with the ligation of the main leg vein in the rats. Material and methods. The specific features of sclerous transformation of the tissue following the subcutaneous administration of AMMSCBMO in the projection of the ligated femoral vein to 224 male rats of the Wag line with the transfected GFP-gene and the cellular membranes additionally stained with Vybrant CM-Dil were investigated by the methods of light microscopy with the application of the luminescence technique. Results. Four weeks after the vein ligation without the administration of AMMSCBMO, the manifestations of sclerosis were significantly less pronounced than after the use of cell technologies that did not cause a disturbance in the venous outflow. The probability of a long-term decrease of the scar volume because of its reorganization can not be excluded. Equally possible is AMMSCBMO differentiations in connective tissue cells, i.e. fibroblasts (despite the numerous literature data suggesting both the anti-fibrous effect of stem cell technologies) and the stimulation of proliferation and synthesis of collagen by endogenous fibroblasts. The stimulation of leukocyte migration to the place of an AMMSCBMO injection as to antigenic objects (DNA of GFP and this protein itself, a virus vector for the introduction of this DNA into the cell genome) is equally likely. In this case, both the increase of the inflammatory reaction in the vascular region and the resolvable ligature with the potentiation of the sclerotic process are possible as well as the additional formation of connective tissue as the response to the AMMSCBMO administration for their limitation and isolation from an organism. Conclusions. The surgical intervention with the ligation of the main leg vein in the rats was followed by the sclerous tissue transformation caused either by the direct damage or the chronic inflammation due to the presence of the sluggishly degraded ligature. The administration of AMMSCBMO after such operation led to the formation of a more extensive scar.