The fluorescent light and confocal laser microscopy techniques were used to study the beginning of angiogenesis in rats following a subcutaneous injection (in the projection of the ligated femoral vein) of autologous multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells of the bone marrow origin (AMMSCBMO) with the transfected GFP-gene and the stained cellular membranes. As soon as 4 days after the injection, the paravasal tissues and the postoperative scar were found to contain large clusters of brightly fluorescent elongated fibroblast-like cells; simultaneously, the first signs of angiogenesis could be observed. The injected AMMSCBMO not only completely form vessels but at the same time and in parallel become integrated into the vessel walls formed from the endogenous cells. In other words, the subcutaneous tissue contains blood vessels the outer coats of which are built up not only of the endogenous cells but also of fluorescent AMMSCBMO. It accelerates the restitution of vascularization of the tissues with the disordered blood circulation and thereafter allows to more quickly and with the minimal consequences eliminate AMMSCBMO (even if genetically identical but taken from another individual) from the structures created with their participation. In such cases, these of AMMSCBMO are gradually replaced without the loss of functionality of a vessel and certainly without its destruction. Some part of the administered AMMSCBMO undergo degradation and are phagocytized by macrophages that acquire the ability to fluoresce due to the presence of the membrane-staining dye. In the course of destruction of AMMSCBMO or their debris, the released dye either accumulates in the same lysosomes or even stains macrophage membranes including phagosomal membranes. By this time, such macrophages appear in the regional lymph nodes where they are concentrated into clusters in the cortical lymphoid parenchyma. Fluorescence of the oblong cells in the ring-shaped structures gives rise to uniform fluorescence of the entire cytoplasm. Fluorescence of large (10-15 microns) oval macrophage-like cells is associated with very bright fluorescence of differently-sized inclusions although part of the cytoplasm remains dark and there are well apparent transition zones between the bright and dark sites of the cytoplasm. In other words, fluorescence originates from local cytoplasmic inclusions, most possibly lysosomes.