Objective: To specify clinical action of venflaxine during the course treatment of patients with different depressive states of endogenous nature. Material and methods: An open naturalistic study of 32 patients with different nosological forms of endogenous depression (manic-depressive psychosis, cyclothymia, schizophrenia) was carried out. Duration of the course treatment with venflaxine (velaxin) administered in daily dose of 37,5-300 mg was 56 days. Clinical and psychometric methods were used. Results: Venflaxine was a highly effective antidepressant. In the end of treatment, a “good” therapeutic effect with >50% reduction in total scores on the Hamilton scale (HAMD-D) was achieved in 84,4% of patients, a “marked” effect up to complete recovery with >80% reduction in HAMD-D scores was in 78,1% of cases. Conclusion: Due to its clinical characteristics, venflaxine may be regarded as a multiprofile antidepressant with the distinct balanced action. In the spectrum of its antidepressant activity, a thymoleptic effect is  most pronounced compared to anxiolytic and stimulating effects. This provides a high efficacy of the drug in different types of endogenous depression (anxiety, apatho-adynamic and, in particular, melancholic).