An immunofluorescent method of examination of retinal vascular system and epiretinal proliferative tissue removed during a transciliary surgery has been developed. The proposed method possesses certain advantages, i.e. high-quality visualization of the vascular system in total mounts, particularly, of the capillary loops and fine vascular terminals, the possibility to use specific immunohistochemical markers to identify all kinds of present cells (glia, endothelium, neurons) and evaluate their proliferative activity.