The present study was designed to examine the vagus nerve system, atrioventricular ganglion, and changes in cardiomyocytes in 45 cases of the fatal outcome of the disease among 20 patients who suffered a  craniovertebral injury and 25 ones presenting with acute coronary insufficiency. Special attention was given to  the central and peripheral parts of the vagus nerve system. The study revealed lesions in the jugular ganglia and their association with the previous craniovertebral injuries accompanied by hemorrhage in these ganglia, nerve trunks, and soft tissues of the jugular foramina. The well apparent atrophic changes were found in the ganglia of the vagus nerve system in the patients who died from acute coronary insufficiency. In all the examined cases, hemosiderosis of the pial soft tissues of the medulla oblongata was observed.