Analysis of causes of nasal obstruction and the effectiveness of some surgical interventions for its elimination

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AIM OF STUDY

To find out the causes of nasal obstruction and analyze the effectiveness of various methods of surgical removal of anatomical defects that impede nasal breathing.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

810 patients (592 women and 218 men) with various forms of nasal obstruction at the age from 15 to 60 years were examined. Of these, 612 (75.6%) had combined deformation of the intranasal structures and the external nose, 106 (12.9%) had previously undergone rhinological operations. To identify the causes of nasal obstruction, rhinoscopy, nasal endoscopy with video recording, computed tomography of the nose and paranasal sinuses, and, if necessary, cone-beam computed tomography were used. To control the effectiveness of surgical operations immediately after the operation, after 6 months and after a year, a subjective assessment of nasal breathing was used; endoscopic examination at rest and during forced inspiration; photo of the patient before and after the operation; 320 patients underwent an objective assessment of the air flow velocity and resistance by the method of anterior active rhinomanometry (AARM). The degree of nasal obstruction was assessed by the value of the total volumetric flow of nasal breathing. For an objective assessment of AARM parameters, we used the data of the control group (30 patients who did not complain of nasal breathing difficulties).

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION

Immediately after operation, the positive efficacy of treatment was noted in all patients. After 6 months, 23 (2.8%) patients needed minor corrective interventions. The main cause of nasal obstruction in these cases was nasal valve insufficiency. The choice of the method of intervention was carried out directly by the operating surgeon in relation to a specific situation. In 737 patients who appeared for examination a year later, free nasal breathing was noted, which was also confirmed by the method of AARM.

Keywords:

nasal obstruction

causes

effectiveness of surgical methods of elimination

anterior active rhinomanometry

Authors:

Gyusan A.O.

North Caucasus State Academy;
Karachay-Cherkess Republican Clinical Hospital

Gyusan S.A.

Stavropol Regional Clinical Hospital

Received:

17.06.2020

Accepted:

17.07.2020

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