Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is currently one of the most common diseases. Genetic mechanisms play pivotal role in the development and progression of the disease.

OBJECTIVE

To study genetic polymorphism of IL-10(1082G/A) and IL-12B(1188A/C) in patients with GERD depending on the clinical presentation of the disease and refluxate type.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The study was conducted between November 2018 and November 2020 and included 141 patients: the main group of 80 patients with GERD (30 males and 50 females) and the control group of 61 patients (30 males and 31 females) without GERD. The median age was 43 [33; 57] and 54 [37; 64] years in the main and control groups, respectively (p=0.754). The groups were comparable by sex (p=0.16). The diagnosis of GERD was made using the GerdQ questionnaire (8 or more points), endoscopic examination of the esophagus, and pH-impedancemetry. Subjects in both groups lived in Trans-Baikal Territory for at least three generations. Genotyping of polymorphic locus G1082A of IL-10 and A1188C of IL-12B was performed using polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS

The IL-10(1082A/A) genotype was shown to be more frequent in the group of patients with GERD (OR 9.189; 95% CI 2.050—41.195; p=0.0008). The prevalence of the allele A of the IL-10 polymorphic locus 1082G/A was also higher in patients with GERD than in controls (OR 3.030; 95% CI 1.732—5.303; p=0.0001). The IL-10(1082A/A) genotype was specific for patients with acid reflux (OR 4.266; 95% CI 0.872—20.860; p=0.0574). No statistically significant differences in the prevalence of genotypes and alleles of IL-12 polymorphic locus A1188C between the group of GERD patients and controls were observed.

CONCLUSION

In patients with GERD, the prevalence of the IL-10(1082A/A) genotype and the allele A is higher, than in the control group. This genotype is common in patients with acid type reflux.