The author analyzes the life path and creativity of the scientist. It is noted that since 1893 A.A. Bobrov headed the surgical clinic faculty of Moscow University, where he remained a Professor until the end of his life. The textbooks of A.A. Bobrov «Dislocations and fractures», «Course of operative surgery and surgical anatomy», which have passed several editions, are marked. One of the most important contributions of A.A. Bobrov to Russian surgery is the ideas’ continuation and development of the brilliant N.I. Pirogov in the field of surgical anatomy. Methods of hernia and liver Echinococcus surgery according to A.A. Bobrov are well known; he introduced a device for subcutaneous injection of liquids, which bears his name. He founded the Moscow school of surgery where prepared the outstanding scientists and practitioners in the field of surgery, anatomy, traumatology and gynecology. It is emphasized that A.A. Bobrov was a member of the Society of Russian doctors in memory of N.I. Pirogov, a member of the Moscow surgical society, one of the initiators and organizers of the congresses of Russian surgeons. It is noted that at the initiative of Professor A.A. Bobrov, a sanatorium in the Crimea (Alupka) for the treatment of bone tuberculosis in children was established; it currently bears his name. Under the leadership of A.A. Bobrov, about 200 works were published, 140 of which came from the surgical clinic and many of them are relevant till now.