Relationship Between Pelvic Pain and Pelvic Venous Incompetence with Reflux in Patients with Pelvic Venous Congestion Syndrome

Grishenkova A.S.; Moskalenko E.P.; Mishakina N.Yu.; Efremova O.I.; Kulikov V.M.; Gavrilov S.G.

doi:https://doi.org/10.17116/flebo202115041251

Grishenkova A.S.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

ORCID: 0000-0003-1344-6530

Moskalenko E.P.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

ORCID: 0009-0004-1984-1827

Mishakina N.Yu.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

ORCID: 0000-0002-3626-0299

Efremova O.I.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

SPIN RSCI: 2387-8935
Scopus AuthorID: 55790396800
ORCID: 0000-0001-5906-8120

Kulikov V.M.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Gavrilov S.G.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

SPIN RSCI: 7375-4712
Scopus AuthorID: 8312153800
ResearcherID: E-6089-2016
ORCID: 0000-0002-2307-2176

Relationship Between Pelvic Pain and Pelvic Venous Incompetence with Reflux in Patients with Pelvic Venous Congestion Syndrome

Authors:

Grishenkova A.S., Moskalenko E.P., Mishakina N.Yu., Efremova O.I., Kulikov V.M., Gavrilov S.G.

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Journal: Journal of Venous Disorders. 2021;15(4): 251‑258

DOI: 10.17116/flebo202115041251

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To cite this article:

Grishenkova AS, Moskalenko EP, Mishakina NYu, Efremova OI, Kulikov VM, Gavrilov SG. Relationship Between Pelvic Pain and Pelvic Venous Incompetence with Reflux in Patients with Pelvic Venous Congestion Syndrome. Journal of Venous Disorders. 2021;15(4):251‑258. (In Russ.)
https://doi.org/10.17116/flebo202115041251

Подписка 2026 Флебология (Journal of Venous Disorders)

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OBJECTIVE

To analyze the relationship between pelvic pain, duration and severity of pelvic venous reflux (PVR) in patients with pelvic venous congestion syndrome (PVCS).

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A retrospective study included 453 PVCS patients. Pelvic venous pain (PVP) was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS). All patients underwent ultrasound of renal, external, internal, common iliac, parametrial, uterine, gonadal and vulvar veins. We assessed patency, diameters and reflux in these veins. PVR lasting over 1 s was considered abnormal.

RESULTS

There were 3 types of PVR with different duration among PVCS patients: type I — 1-2 s (31.3%), type II — 3-5 s (57.4%), type III — over 5 s or spontaneous reflux without provoking (11.3%). In PVR types II and III, VAS score of pelvic pain was 8.3±0.5 in 70% of patients. Combined reflux through gonadal, parametrial, uterine and internal iliac veins resulted severe PVP (VAS score 8.1±0.3) in 50% of patients. Moderate PVP (VAS score 5.3±0.2) was observed in 223 patients with reflux only through parametrial, uterine and vulvar veins. Reflux in gonadal veins was found in 50% of patients, uterine venous reflux — in 57% of patients. Gonadal and uterine venous reflux was a significant factor for severe PVP (OR 19.7; 95% CI 11.3-34.6).

CONCLUSION

Severity of PVP in PVCS patients depends on duration of PVR and involvement of certain pelvic veins into this abnormal process. Combined reflux in gonadal, parametrial and uterine veins lasting over 2 s is a predictor of severe PVP (PVR types II and III).

Keywords:

pelvic varicose veins

pelvic congestion syndrome

pelvic venous pain

pelvic venous reflux

ultrasound scanning

Authors:

Grishenkova A.S.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

ORCID: 0000-0003-1344-6530

Moskalenko E.P.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

ORCID: 0009-0004-1984-1827

Mishakina N.Yu.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

ORCID: 0000-0002-3626-0299

Efremova O.I.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

SPIN RSCI: 2387-8935
Scopus AuthorID: 55790396800
ORCID: 0000-0001-5906-8120

Kulikov V.M.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Gavrilov S.G.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

SPIN RSCI: 7375-4712
Scopus AuthorID: 8312153800
ResearcherID: E-6089-2016
ORCID: 0000-0002-2307-2176

Received:

13.07.2021

Accepted:

16.10.2021

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