The site of the Media Sphera Publishers contains materials intended solely for healthcare professionals.
By closing this message, you confirm that you are a certified medical professional or a student of a medical educational institution.

Login
EN
+7 (495) 482-4118
+7 (495) 482-4329
+8 800 250-18-12
  • (toll-free number for subscriptions)
    Mon-Fri from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.

  • © 1998-2025
+7 (495) 482-43-29
EN
All journals
Journal
Year
Year
Search result: 0

Kaibysheva V.O.

N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia;
City Clinical Hospital №31, Moscow, Russia

Kashin S.V.

Mikhaleva L.M.

Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia

Vidyaeva N.S.

Yaroslavl Regional Clinical Oncological Hospital, Yaroslavl, Russia

Kuvaev R.O.

Galkova Z.V.

Research Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology and Endoscopy based at the Municipal Clinical Hospital No 31, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow

Ilchishina T.A.

«SM-Klinika multi-field medical holding, St. Petersburg, Russia

Pechnikova V.V.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia

Nikonov E.L.

FGBU "Poliklinika #1" Upravleniia delami Prezidenta RF

Shapoval’yants S.G.

Department of Hospital Surgery №2 with the research laboratory of surgical gastroenterology and endoscopy, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow

Eosinophilic esophagitis: current view on the problem and own clinical observations (in Russian only)

Authors:

Kaibysheva V.O., Kashin S.V., Mikhaleva L.M., Vidyaeva N.S., Kuvaev R.O., Galkova Z.V., Ilchishina T.A., Pechnikova V.V., Nikonov E.L., Shapoval’yants S.G.

More about the authors

Journal: Russian Journal of Evidence-Based Gastroenterology. 2019;8(1): 58‑83

DOI: 10.17116/dokgastro2019801158

Read: 31235 times

Download PDF (RU)
Download PDF
Contact the author
Table of contents

EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS: CURRENT VIEW ON THE PROBLEM AND OWN CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS (IN RUSSIAN ONLY)
EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS: CURRENT VIEW ON THE PROBLEM AND OWN CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS (IN RUSSIAN ONLY)

To cite this article:

Kaibysheva VO, Kashin SV, Mikhaleva LM, et al. . Eosinophilic esophagitis: current view on the problem and own clinical observations (in Russian only). Russian Journal of Evidence-Based Gastroenterology. 2019;8(1):58‑83. (In Russ., In Engl.)
https://doi.org/10.17116/dokgastro2019801158

Подписка 2026 Доказательная гастроэнтерология (Russian Journal of Evidence-Based Gastroenterology)
МСФ на ЯМ
Использование инфографики авторами научных работ
Close metadata
Recommended articles:
High-accuracy eosi­nophil dete­ction in eosi­nophilic esophagitis histological images using machine learning model YOLO11. Russian Journal of Evidence-Based Gastroenterology. 2025;(2):19-29
Functional dyspepsia: approaches to diagnosis and treatment in the context of Russian clinical practice. Russian Journal of Evidence-Based Gastroenterology. 2025;(2):43-49
Abstract:

Aim — to present current aspects of the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Main statements. Study of EoE has reached qualitatively new level in recent years: large randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews have been performed and published, key points of EoE etiopathogenesis have been revised. Today, the relationship between EoE and specific antigens is being questioned, whereas genetically determined impairment of barrier function of the esophagus and susceptibility to immune response through the T-helper cells type 2 activation are recognized as key factors in pathogenesis of the disease. Differential diagnosis of EoE with gastroesophageal reflux disease is not advisable because this pathology additionally aggravates course of eosinophilic esophagitis while high doses of proton pump inhibitors is the main aspect of EoE treatment. The concept of esophageal eosinophilia resolved on the background of proton pump inhibitors administration is recognized as erroneous. Conclusion. Eoeinophilic esophagitis is a chronic, immune-mediated, inflammatory disease of the esophagus. Diagnosis of EoE is based on characteristic clinical picture of esophageal dysfunction (dysphagia) combined with histological data of eosinophilic infiltration of esophageal mucosa. Basic therapy of eosinophilic esophagitis includes dietary restrictions, proton pump inhibitors and topical corticosteroids.

Keywords:

eosinophilic esophagitis
esophageal eosinophilia
proton pump inhibitors

Authors:

Kaibysheva V.O.

N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia;
City Clinical Hospital №31, Moscow, Russia

Kashin S.V.

Mikhaleva L.M.

Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia

Vidyaeva N.S.

Yaroslavl Regional Clinical Oncological Hospital, Yaroslavl, Russia

Kuvaev R.O.

Galkova Z.V.

Research Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology and Endoscopy based at the Municipal Clinical Hospital No 31, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow

Ilchishina T.A.

«SM-Klinika multi-field medical holding, St. Petersburg, Russia

Pechnikova V.V.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia

Nikonov E.L.

FGBU "Poliklinika #1" Upravleniia delami Prezidenta RF

Shapoval’yants S.G.

Department of Hospital Surgery №2 with the research laboratory of surgical gastroenterology and endoscopy, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow

Close metadata

References:

  1. Bredenoord AJ. Clinical esophagology: alive and kicking! Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2015 Feb;27(2):157-159. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.12483
  2. Landers R, et al. Eosinophilic esophagitis in patients with vigorous achalasia. Gastroenterology. 1978;74:1298-1301.
  3. Attwood SE, Smyrk TC, Demeester TR, Jones JB. Esophageal eosinophilia with dysphagia. A distinct clinicopathologic syndrome. Dig Dis Sci. 1993;38:109-116.
  4. Straumann A, Spichtin HP, Bernoulli R, Loosli J, Vögtlin J. Idiopathic eosinophilic esophagitis: a frequently overlooked disease with typical clinical aspects and discrete endoscopic findings. Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1994;124:1419-1429.
  5. Furuta GT, Liacouras CA, Collins MH, Gupta SK, Justinich C, Putnam PE, Bonis P, Hassall E, Straumann A, Rothenberg ME. Eosinophilic esophagitis in children and adults: a systematic review and consensus recommendations for diagnosis and treatment. Gastroenterology. 2007;133:1342-1363.
  6. Liacouras CA, Furuta GT, Hirano I, Atkins D, Attwood SE, Bonis PA, Burks AW, Chehade M, Collins MH, Dellon ES, Dohil R, Falk GW, Gonsalves N, Gupta SK, Katzka DA, Lucendo AJ, Markowitz JE, Noel RJ, Odze RD, Putnam PE, Richter JE, Romero Y, Ruchelli E, Sampson HA, Schoepfer A, Shaheen NJ, Sicherer SH, Spechler S, Spergel JM, Straumann A, Wershil BK, Rothenberg ME, Aceves SS.Eosinophilic esophagitis: updated consensus recommendations for children and adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;128:3-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2011.02.040
  7. Papadopoulou A, Koletzko S, Heuschkel R, Dias JA, Allen KJ, Murch SH, Chong S, Gottrand F, Husby S, Lionetti P, Mearin ML, Ruemmele FM, Schäppi MG, Staiano A, Wilschanski M, Vandenplas Y. ESPGHAN Eosinophilic Esophagitis Working Group and the Gastroenterology Committee. Management guidelines of eosinophilic esophagitis in childhood. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014;58:107-118. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182a80be1
  8. Dellon ES, Gonsalves N, Hirano I, Furuta GT, Liacouras CA, Katzka DA. ACG clinical guideline: evidenced based approach to the diagnosis and management of esophageal eosinophilia and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Am J Gastroenterol. 2013;108:679-692. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2013.71
  9. Ivashkin VT, Baranskaya EK, Kaibysheva VO, Trukhmanov AS, Sheptulin AA. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii po diagnostike i lecheniyu eozinofil’nogo ezofagita. M. 2013. (In Russ.)
  10. Lucendo AJ, Molina-Infante J, Arias Á, von Arnim U, Bredenoord AJ, Bussmann C, Amil Dias J, Bove M, González-Cervera J, Larsson H, Miehlke S, Papadopoulou A, Rodríguez-Sánchez J, Ravelli A, Ronkainen J, Santander C, Schoepfer AM, Storr MA, Terreehorst I, Straumann A, Attwood SE. Guidelines on eosinophilic esophagitis: evidence-based statements and recommendations for diagnosis and management in children and adults. United European Gastroenterol J. 2017;5(3):335-358. https://doi.org/10.1177/2050640616689525
  11. O’Shea KM, Aceves SS, Dellon ES, Gupta SK, Spergel JM, Furuta GT, Rothenberg ME. Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2018 Jan;154(2):333-345. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2017.06.065
  12. Steinbach EC, Hernandez M, Dellon ES. Eosinophilic Esophagitis and the Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases: Approach to Diagnosis and Management. JAllergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018 Sep-Oct;6(5):1483-1495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2018.06.012
  13. Dellon ES, Liacouras CA, Molina-Infante J, Furuta GT, Spergel JM, Zevit N, Spechler SJ, Attwood SE, Straumann A, Aceves SS, Alexander JA, Atkins D, Arva NC, Blanchard C, Bonis PA, Book WM, Capocelli KE, Chehade M, Cheng E, Collins MH, Davis CM, Dias JA, Di Lorenzo C, Dohil R, Dupont C, Falk GW, Ferreira CT, Fox A, Gonsalves NP, Gupta SK, Katzka DA, Kinoshita Y, Menard-Katcher C, Kodroff E, Metz DC, Miehlke S, Muir AB, Mukkada VA, Murch S, Nurko S, Ohtsuka Y, Orel R, Papadopoulou A, Peterson KA, Philpott H, Putnam PE, Richter JE, Rosen R, Rothenberg ME, Schoepfer A, Scott MM, Shah N, Sheikh J, Souza RF, Strobel MJ, Talley NJ, Vaezi MF, Vandenplas Y, Vieira MC, Walker MM, Wechsler JB, Wershil BK, Wen T, Yang GY, Hirano I, Bredenoord AJ.Updated International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria for Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Proceedings of the AGREE Conference. Gastroenterology. 2018 Sep 6;pii: S0016-5085(18)34763-2. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2018.07.009
  14. Hirano I. How to Approach a Patient With Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2018 Sep;155(3):601-606. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2018.08.001
  15. Straumann A, Katzka DA. Diagnosis and Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2018 Jan;154(2):346-359. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2017.05.066
  16. Dellon ES. Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012;10:1066-1078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2012.06.003
  17. Lucendo AJ, Friginal-Ruiz AB, Rodriguez B. Boerhaave’s syndrome as the primary manifestation of adult eosinophilic esophagitis. Two case reports and a review of the literature. Dis Esophagus. 2011;24:E11-E15. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2050.2010.01167.x
  18. Straumann A, Bussmann C, Zuber M, Vannini S, Simon HU, Schoepfer A. Eosinophilic esophagitis: analysis of food impaction and perforation in 251 adolescent and adult patients. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;6:598-600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2008.02.003
  19. Jackson WE, Mehendiratta V, Palazzo J, Dimarino AJ, Quirk DM, Cohen S. Boerhaave’s syndrome as an initial presentation of eosinophilic esophagitis: a case series. Ann Gastroenterol. 2013;26:166-169.
  20. Safroneeva E, Straumann A, Coslovsky M, Zwahlen M, Kuehni CE, Panczak R, Haas NA, Alexander JA, Dellon ES, Gonsalves N, Hirano I, Leung J, Bussmann C, Collins MH, Newbury RO, De Petris G, Smyrk TC, Woosley JT, Yan P, Yang GY, Romero Y, Katzka DA, Furuta GT, Gupta SK, Aceves SS, Chehade M, Spergel JM, Schoepfer AM. Symptoms have modest accuracy in detecting endoscopic and histologic remission in adults with eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2016;150:581-590.e4. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2015.11.004
  21. Schoepfer AM, Straumann A, Panczak R, Coslovsky M, Kuehni CE, Maurer E, Haas NA, Romero Y, Hirano I, Alexander JA, Gonsalves N, Furuta GT, Dellon ES, Leung J, Collins MH, Bussmann C, Netzer P, Gupta SK, Aceves SS, Chehade M, Moawad FJ, Enders FT, Yost KJ, Taft TH, Kern E, Zwahlen M, Safroneeva E. Development and validation of a symptom-based activity index for adults with eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2014;147:1255-1266.e21. https://doi.org/10.1053%2Fj.gastro.2014.08.028
  22. Grudell AB, Alexander JA, Enders FB, Pacifico R, Fredericksen M, Wise JL, Locke GR 3rd, Arora A, Zais T, Talley NJ, Romero Y.Validation of the Mayo Dysphagia Questionnaire. Dis Esophagus. 2007;20:202-205.
  23. Pentiuk S, Putnam PE, Collins MH, Rothenberg ME. Dissociation between symptoms and histological severity in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2009;48:152-160. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0b013e31817f0197
  24. Franciosi JP, Hommel KA, Greenberg AB. Development of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Eosinophilic Esophagitis module items: qualitative methods. BMC Gastroenterol. 2012;12:135. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-230X-12-135
  25. Dellon ES, Irani AM, Hill MR, Hirano I. Development and field testing of a novel patient-reported outcome measure of dysphagia in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2013;38:634-642. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.12413
  26. Hirano I, Moy N, Heckman MG, Thomas CS, Gonsalves N, Achem SR. Endoscopic assessment of the oesophageal features of eosinophilic oesophagitis: validation of a novel classification and grading system. Gut. 2013;62:489-495. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2011-301817
  27. Kim HP, Vance RB, Shaheen NJ, Dellon ES. The prevalence and diagnostic utility of endoscopic features of eosinophilic esophagitis: a metaanalysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012;10:988-996. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2012.04.019
  28. Dellon ES, Gibbs WB, Fritchie KJ, Rubinas TC, Wilson LA, Woosley JT, Shaheen NJ. Clinical, endoscopic, and histologic findings distinguish eosinophilic esophagitis from gastroesophageal reflux disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009;7:1305-1313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2009.08.030
  29. Dellon ES, Cotton CC, Gebhart JH, Higgins LL, Beitia R, Woosley JT, Shaheen NJ. Accuracy of the eosinophilic esophagitis endoscopic reference score in diagnosis and determining response to rreatment. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016;14:31-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2015.08.040
  30. van Rhijn BD, Warners MJ, Curvers WL, van Lent AU, Bekkali NL, Takkenberg RB, Kloek JJ, Bergman JJ, Fockens P, Bredenoord AJ. Evaluating the endoscopic reference score for eosinophilic esophagitis: moderate to substantial intra- and interobserver reliability. Endoscopy. 2014;46:1049-1055. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1377781
  31. Rodríguez-Sánchez J, Barrio-Andrés J, Nantes Castillejo O, Valdivieso-Cortazar E, Pérez-Martínez I, Boumidi A, Olmos-Jérez JA, Payeras-Llodra G, Alcaide-Suarez N, Ruiz-Rebollo L, Madrigal-Rubiales B, Gonzalez-Obeso E, de la Santa Belda E, López Viedma B, Molina-Infante J.The Endoscopic Reference Score shows modest accuracy to predict either clinical or histological activity in adult patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2017;45:300-309. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13845
  32. Moawad FJ, Robinson CL, Veerappan GR, Summers TA, Maydonovitch CL, Wong RKh. The tug sign: an endoscopic feature of eosinophilic esophagitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013;108:1938-1939. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2013.252
  33. Gonsalves N, Policarpio-Nicolas M, Zhang Q, et al. Histo pathologic variability and endoscopic correlates in adults with eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2006;64:313-319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2006.04.037
  34. Collins MH, Martin LJ, Alexander ES, Boyd JT, Sheridan R, He H, Pentiuk S, Putnam PE, Abonia JP, Mukkada VA, Franciosi JP, Rothenberg ME. Newly developed and validated eosinophilic esophagitis histology scoring system and evidence that it outperforms peak eosinophil count for disease diagnosis and monitoring. Dis Esophagus. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1111/dote.12470
  35. Furuta GT, Kagalwalla AF, Lee JJ, Alumkal P, Maybruck BT, Fillon S, Masterson JC, Ochkur S, Protheroe C, Moore W, Pan Z, Amsden K, Robinson Z, Capocelli K, Mukkada V, Atkins D, Fleischer D, Hosford L, Kwatia MA, Schroeder S, Kelly C, Lovell M, Melin-Aldana H, Ackerman SJ. The oesophageal string test: a novel, minimally invasive method measures mucosal inflammation in eosinophilic oesophagitis. Gut. 2013;62:1395-1405. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2012-303171
  36. Katzka DA, Geno DM, Ravi A, Smyrk TC, Lao-Sirieix P, Miremadi A, Debiram I, O’Donovan M, Kita H, Kephart GM, Kryzer LA, Camilleri M, Alexander JA, Fitzgerald RC. Accuracy, safety, and tolerability of tissue collection by Cytosponge vs endoscopy for evaluation of eosinophilic esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;13:77-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2014.06.026
  37. Wen T, Stucke EM, Grotjan TM, Kemme KA, Abonia JP, Putnam PE, Franciosi JP, Garza JM, Kaul A, King EC, Collins MH, Kushner JP, Rothenberg ME. Molecular diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis by gene expression profiling. Gastroenterology. 2013;145(6):1289-1299. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2013.08.046
  38. Menard-Katcher C, Swerdlow MP, Mehta P, Furuta GT, Fenton LZ. Contribution of Esophagram to the Evaluation of Complicated Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2015;61:541-546. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000000849
  39. Podboy A, Katzka DA, Enders F, Larson JJ, Geno D, Kryzer L, Alexander J. Oesophageal narrowing on barium oesophagram is more common in adult patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis than PPI-responsive oesophageal eosinophilia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016;43:1168-1177. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13601
  40. Katzka DA, Ravi K, Geno DM, Smyrk TC, Iyer PG, Alexander JA, Mabary JE, Camilleri M, Vaezi MF. Endoscopic Mucosal Impedance Measurements Correlate With Eosinophilia and Dilation of Intercellular Spaces in Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;13:1242-1248 e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2014.12.032
  41. Kwiatek MA, Hirano I, Kahrilas PJ, Rothe J, Luger D, Pandolfino JE. Mechanical properties of the esophagus in eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2011;140:82-90. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2010.09.037
  42. Nicodème F, Hirano I, Chen J, Robinson K, Lin Z, Xiao Y, Gonsalves N, Kwasny MJ, Kahrilas PJ, Pandolfino JE. Esophageal distensibility as a measure of disease severity in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;11:1101-1107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2013.03.020
  43. Konikoff MR, Blanchard C, Kirby C, Buckmeier BK, Cohen MB, Heubi JE, Putnam PE, Rothenberg ME. Potential of blood eosinophils, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin, and eotaxin-3 as biomarkers of eosinophilic esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;4:1328-1336.
  44. Rodríguez-Sánchez J, Gómez-Torrijos E, de-la-Santa-Belda E, López-Viedma B, Martín-Dávila F, Pilkington-Woll JP, Donado-Palencia P, Sánchez-Miranda P, Olmedo-Camacho J. Effectiveness of serological markers of eosinophil activity in monitoring eosinophilic esophagitis. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2013;105:462-467.
  45. Schlag C, Miehlke S, Heiseke A, Brockow K, Krug A, von Arnim U, Straumann A, Vieth M, Bussmann C, Mueller R, Greinwald R, Bajbouj M. Peripheral blood eosinophils and other non-invasive biomarkers can monitor treatment response in eosinophilic oesophagitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2015;42:1122-1130. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13386
  46. Min SB, Nylund CM, Baker TP, Ally M, Reinhardt B, Chen YJ, Nazareno L, Moawad FJ. Longitudinal Evaluation of Noninvasive Biomarkers for Eosinophilic Esophagitis. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2017;51(2):127-135. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0000000000000621
  47. Rao GS, Mitchell L, Ohnuki J. Can eosinophil derived neurotoxin (EDN) act as a surrogate marker of disease activity in children with allergic eosinophilic esophagitis (AEE)? Gastrointest Endosc. 2004;59:103.
  48. Leung J, Nguyen-Traxler A, Lee EM, Yip JS, Weinstock JV, Chan WW, Ngo P, Weinstein BJ, Bonis PA. Assessment of fractionated exhaled nitric oxide as a biomarker for the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2012;33:519-524. https://doi.org/10.2500/aap.2012.33.3606
  49. Dellon ES, Rusin S, Gebhart JH, Covey S, Higgins LL, Beitia R, Speck O, Woodward K, Woosley JT, Shaheen NJ. Utility of a noninvasive serum biomarker panel for diagnosis and monitoring of eosinophilic esophagitis: a prospective study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2015;110:821-827. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2015.57
  50. Cunnion KM, Willis LK, Minto HB, Burch TC, Werner AL, Shah TA, Krishna NK, Nyalwidhe JO, Maples KM. Eosinophil Quantitated Urine Kinetic: A novel assay for assessment of eosinophilic esophagitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2016;116:435-439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2016.02.011
  51. Straumann A, Blanchard C, Radonjic-Hoesli S, Bussmann Ch, Hruz P, Safroneeva E, Simon D, Schoepfer AM, Simon HU. A new eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE)-like disease without tissue eosinophilia found in EoE families. Allergy. 2016;71:889-900. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.12879
  52. Conus S, Straumann A, Bettler E. Mepolizumab does not alter levels of eosinophils, T cells, and mast cells in the duodenal mucosa in eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;126:175-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2010.04.029
  53. Assa’ad AH, Gupta SK, Collins MH, Thomson M, Heath AT, Smith DA, Perschy TL, Jurgensen CH, Ortega HG, Aceves SS. An antibody against IL-5 reduces numbers of esophageal intraepithelial eosinophils in children with eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2011;141:1593-1604. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2011.07.044
  54. Spergel JM, Rothenberg ME, Collins MH. Reslizumab in children and adolescents with eosinophilic esophagitis: results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;129:456-63,463:e1-e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2011.11.044
  55. Liacouras CA, Wenner WJ, Brown K. Primary eosinophilic esophagitis in children: successful treatment with oral corticosteroids. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1998;26:380-385.
  56. Faubion WA Jr, Perrault J, Burgart LJ, Zein NN, Clawson M, Freese DK. Treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis with inhaled corticosteroids. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1998;27:90-93.
  57. Schaefer ET, Fitzgerald JF, Molleston JP, Croffie JM, Pfefferkorn MD, Corkins MR, Lim JD, Steiner SJ, Gupta SK. Comparison of oral prednisone and topical fluticasone in the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis: a randomized trial in children. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;6:165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2007.11.008
  58. Alexander JA, Jung KW, Arora AS, Enders F, Katzka DA, Kephardt GM, Kita H, Kryzer LA, Romero Y, Smyrk TC, Talley NJ. Swallowed fluticasone improves histologic but not symptomatic response of adults with eosinophilic esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012;10:742-749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2012.03.018
  59. Gupta SK, Vitanza JM, Collins MH. Efficacy and safety of oral budesonide suspension in pediatric patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;13:66-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2014.05.021
  60. Dohil R, Newbury R, Fox L, Bastian J, Aceves S. Oral viscous budesonide is effective in children with eosinophilic esophagitis in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Gastroenterology. 2010;139:418-429. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2010.05.001
  61. Konikoff MR, Noel RJ, Blanchard C, Kirby C, Jameson SC, Buckmeier BK, Akers R, Cohen MB, Collins MH, Assa’ad AH, Aceves SS, Putnam PE, Rothenberg ME.A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of fluticasone propionate for pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2006;131:1381-1391.
  62. Dellon ES, Sheikh A, Speck O, Woodward K, Whitlow AB, Hores JM, Ivanovic M, Chau A, Woosley JT, Madanick RD, Orlando RC, Shaheen NJ. Viscous topical is more effective than nebulized steroid therapy for patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2012;143:321-324. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2012.04.049
  63. Butz BK, Wen T, Gleich GJ, Furuta GT, Spergel J, King E, Kramer RE, Collins MH, Stucke E, Mangeot C, Jackson WD, O’Gorman M, Abonia JP, Pentiuk S, Putnam PE, Rothenberg ME. Efficacy, dose reduction, and resistance to high-dose fluticasone in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2014;147:324-333. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2014.04.019
  64. Miehlke S, Hruz P, Vieth M, Bussmann C, von Arnim U, Bajbouj M, Schlag C, Madisch A, Fibbe C, Wittenburg H, Allescher HD, Reinshagen M, Schubert S, Tack J, Müller M, Krummenerl P, Arts J, Mueller R, Dilger K, Greinwald R, Straumann A. A randomised, double-blind trial comparing budesonide formulations and dosages for short-term treatment of eosinophilic oesophagitis. Gut. 2016;65:390-399. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308815
  65. Tan N Di, Xiao YL, Chen MH. Steroids therapy for eosinophilic esophagitis: Systematic review and metaanalysis. J Dig Dis. 2015;16:431-442. https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-2980.12265
  66. Sawas T, Dhalla S, Sayyar M, Pasricha PJ, Hernaez R. Systematic review with meta-analysis: pharmacological interventions for eosinophilic oesophagitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2015;41:797-806. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13147
  67. Murali AR, Gupta A, Attar BM, Ravi V, Koduru P. Topical steroids in eosinophilic esophagitis: systematic review and metaanalysis of placebo controlled randomized clinical trials. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;31:1111-1119. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.13281
  68. Murali AR, Gupta A, Attar BM, Ravi V, Koduru P. Topical steroid therapy for the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE): a systematic review and metaanalysis. Clin Transl Gastroenterol. 2015;6:e82. https://doi.org/10.1038/ctg.2015.9
  69. Moawad FJ, Veerappan GR, Dias JA, Baker TP, Maydonovitch CL, Wong RK. Randomized controlled trial comparing aerosolized swallowed fluticasone to esomeprazole for esophageal eosinophilia. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013;108:366-372. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2012.443
  70. Peterson KA, Thomas KL, Hilden K, Emerson LL, Wills JC, Fang JC. Comparison of esomeprazole to aerosolized, swallowed fluticasone for eosinophilic esophagitis. Dig Dis Sci. 2010;55:1313-1319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-009-0859-4
  71. Straumann A, Conus S, Degen L, Felder S, Kummer M, Engel H, Bussmann C, Beglinger C, Schoepfer A, Simon HU. Budesonide is effective in adolescent and adult patients with active eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2010;139(5):1526-1537. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2010.07.048
  72. Straumann A, Conus S, Degen L, Frei C, Bussmann C, Beglinger C, Schoepfer A, Simon HU. Long-term budesonide maintenance treatment is partially effective for patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;9:400-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2011.01.017
  73. Butz BK, Wen T, Gleich GJ, Furuta GT, Spergel J, King E, Kramer RE, Collins MH, Stucke E, Mangeot C, Jackson WD, O’Gorman M, Abonia JP, Pentiuk S, Putnam PE, Rothenberg ME. Efficacy, Dose Reduction, and Resistance to High-dose Fluticasone in Patients with Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2014;147:324-333. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2014.04.019
  74. Philla KQ, Min SB, Hefner JN, Howard RS, Reinhardt BJ, Nazareno LG, Vogt KS. Swallowed glucocorticoid therapy for eosinophilic esophagitis in children does not suppress adrenal function. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2015;28:1101-1106. https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2014-0260
  75. Golekoh MC, Hornung LN, Mukkada VA, Khoury JC, Putnam PE, Backeljauw PF. Adrenal insufficiency after chronic swallowed glucocorticoid therapy for eosinophilic esophagitis. J Pediatr. 2016;170:240-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.11.026
  76. Harel S, Hursh BE, Chan ES, Avinashi V, Panagiotopoulos C. Adrenal suppression in children treated with oral viscous budesonide for eosinophilic esophagitis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2015;61:190-193. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000000848
  77. Ngo P, Furuta GT, Antonioli DA, Fox VL. Eosinophils in the esophagus-peptic or allergic eosinophilic esophagitis? Case series of three patients with esophageal eosinophilia. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101:1666-1670.
  78. Dranove JE, Horn DS, Davis MA, Kernek KM, Gupta SK. Predictors of response to proton pump inhibitor therapy among children with significant esophageal eosinophilia. J Pediatr. 2009;154:96-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.07.042
  79. Molina-Infante J, Ferrando-Lamana L, Ripoll C, Hernandez-Alonso M, Mateos JM, Fernandez-Bermejo M, Dueñas C, Fernandez-Gonzalez N, Quintana EM, Gonzalez-Nuñez MA. Esophageal eosinophilic infiltration responds to proton pump inhibition in most adults. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;9:110-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2010.09.019
  80. Gutiérrez-Junquera C, Fernández-Fernández S, Cilleruelo ML, Rayo A, Echeverría L, Quevedo S, Bracamonte T, Román E. High revalence of response to proton-pump inhibitor treatment in children with esophageal eosinophilia. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2016;62:704-710. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000001019
  81. Lucendo AJ, Arias A, Molina-Infante J. Efficacy of proton pump inhibitor drugs for inducing clinical and histologic remission in patients with symptomatic esophageal eosinophilia: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016;14:13-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2015.07.041
  82. Cheng E, Zhang X, Huo X, Yu C, Zhang Q, Wang DH, Spechler SJ, Souza RF. Omeprazole blocks eotaxin-3 expression by oesophageal squamous cells from patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis and GORD. Gut. 2013 Jun;62(6):824-832. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302250
  83. Sharma P, Shaheen NJ, Perez MC, Pilmer BL, Lee M, Atkinson SN, Peura D. Clinical trials: healing of erosive oesophagitis with dexlansoprazole MR, a proton pump inhibitor with a novel delayed-release formulation — results from two randomized controlled studies. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2009;29:731-741.
  84. Behm BW, Peura DA. Dexlansoprazole MR for the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;5:439-445.
  85. Vakily M, Zhang W, Wu J, Atkinson SN, Mulford D. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a known active PPI with a novel Dual Delayed Release technology, dexlansoprazole MR: a combined analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Curr Med Res Opin. 2009 Mar;25(3):627-638. https://doi.org/10.1185/03007990802693883
  86. Lee RD, Mulford D, Wu J, Atkinson SN. The effect of time-of-day dosing on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexlansoprazole MR: evidence for dosing flexibility with a Dual Delayed Release proton pump inhibitor. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010 May;31(9):1001-1011. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04272.x
  87. Kukulka M, Eisenberg C, Nudurupati S. Comparator pH study to evaluate the single-dose pharmacodynamics of dual delayed-release dexlansoprazole 60 mg and delayed-release esomeprazole 40 mg. Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 2011;4:213-220. https://doi.org/10.2147/CEG.S24063
  88. Fass R, Johnson DA, Orr WC, Han C, Mody R, Stern KN, Pilmer BL, Perez MC. The effect of dexlansoprazole MR on nocturnal heartburn and GERD-related sleep disturbances in patients with symptomatic GERD. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Mar;106(3):421-431. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2010.458
  89. Fass R, Chey WD, Zakko SF, Andhivarothai N, Palmer RN, Perez MC, Atkinson SN. Clinical trial: the effects of the proton pump inhibitor dexlansoprazole MR on daytime and nighttime heartburn in patients with non-erosive reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Jun 15;29(12):1261-1272. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04013.x
  90. Sharma P, Shaheen NJ, Perez MC, Pilmer BL, Lee M, Atkinson SN, Peura D. Clinical trials: healing of erosive oesophagitis with dexlansoprazole MR, a proton pump inhibitor with a novel dual delayed-release formulation — results from two randomized controlled studies. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Apr 1;29(7):731-741. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.03933.x
  91. Mermelstein J, Mermelstein AC, Chait MM. Proton pump inhibitors for the treatment of patients with erosive esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease: current evidence and safety of dexlansoprazole. Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 2016 Jul 13;9:163-172. https://doi.org/10.2147/CEG.S91602
  92. Vakily M, Wu J, Atkinson S. Effect of single oral doses (90 and 300 MG) of TAK-390MR on QT intervals. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008;81.
  93. Peura DA, Metz DC, Dabholkar AH, Paris MM, Yu P, Atkinson SN. Safety profile of dexlansoprazole MR, a proton pump inhibitor with a novel dual delayed release formulation: global clinical trial experience. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2009;30(10):1010-1021.
  94. Vakily M, Wu J, Atkinson SN. Lack of electrocardiographic effect of dexlansoprazole MR, a novel modified-release formulation of the proton pump inhibitor dexlansoprazole, in healthy participants. J Clin Pharmacol. 2009;49(12):1447-1455.
  95. Dabholkar AH, Han C, Paris MM, Perez MC, Atkinson SN, Peura DA. The 12-month safety profile of dexlansoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor with a dual delayed release formulation, in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Feb;33(3):366-377. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04519.x
  96. Bose S, Guyer A, Long A, Banerji A. Evaluation and management of hypersensitivity to proton pump inhibitors. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2013 Dec;111(6):452-457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2013.08.022
  97. Dellon ES, Liacouras CA. Advances in clinical management of eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2014;147:1238-1254. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2014.07.055
  98. Molina-Infante J, Rodriguez-Sanchez J, Martinek J, van Rhijn BD, Krajciova J, Rivas MD, Barrio J, Moawad FJ, Martinez-Alcalá C, Bredenoord AJ, Zamorano J, Dellon ES. Long-term loss of response in proton pump inhibitor-responsive esophageal eosinophilia is uncommon and influenced by CYP2C19 genotype and rhinoconjunctivitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2015;110:1567-1575. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2015.314
  99. Attwood SE, Lewis CJ, Bronder CS, Morris CD, Armstrong GR, Whittam J. Eosinophilic oesophagitis: a novel treatment using Montelukast. Gut. 2003;52:181-185.
  100. Stumphy J, Al-Zubeidi D, Guerin L, Mitros F, Rahhal R. Observations on use of montelukast in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis: insights for the future. Dis Esophagus. (Australia). 2011;24(4):229-234. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2050.2010.01134.x
  101. Alexander JA, Ravi K, Enders FT, Geno DM, Kryzer LA, Mara KC, Smyrk TC, Katzka DA. Montelukast Does not Maintain Symptom Remission After Topical Steroid Therapy for Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;15(2):214-221.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2016.09.013
  102. Lucendo AJ, De Rezende LC, Jiménez-Contreras S, Yagüe-Compadre JL, González-Cervera J, Mota-Huertas T, Guagnozzi D, Angueira T, González-Castillo S, Arias A. Montelukast was inefficient in maintaining steroid-induced remission in adult eosinophilic esophagitis. Dig Dis Sci. 2011;56:3551-3558. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-011-1775-y
  103. Straumann A, Hoesli S, Bussmann Ch, Stuck M, Perkins M, Collins LP, Payton M, Pettipher R, Hunter M, Steiner J, Simon HU. Anti-eosinophil activity and clinical efficacy of the CRTH2 antagonist OC000459 in eosinophilic esophagitis. Allergy. 2013;68:375-385. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.12096
  104. Rothenberg ME, Wen T, Greenberg A, Alpan O, Enav B, Hirano I, Nadeau K, Kaiser S, Peters T, Perez A, Jones I, Arm JP, Strieter RM, Sabo R, Gunawardena KA. Intravenous anti-IL-13 mAb QAX576 for the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;135:500-507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2014.07.049
  105. Dellon ES, Collins M, Assouline-Dayan Y. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of a Novel Recombinant, Humanized, Anti-Interleukin-13 Monoclonal Antibody (RPC4046) in Patients with Active Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Results of the HEROES Study. American Journal of Gastroenterology. 2016;111:S186-S186.
  106. Straumann A, Bussmann C, Conus S, Beglinger C, Simon HU. Anti-TNF-alpha (infliximab) therapy for severe adult eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;122:425-427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2008.06.012
  107. Netzer P, Gschossmann JM, Straumann A, Sendensky A, Weimann R, Schoepfer AM. Corticosteroid-dependent eosinophilic oesophagitis: azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine can induce and maintain long-term remission. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;19:865-869. https://doi.org/10.1097/MEG.0b013e32825a6ab4
  108. Kelly KJ, Lazenby AJ, Rowe PC, Yardley JH, Perman JA, Sampson HA. Eosinophilic esophagitis attributed to gastroesophageal reflux: improvement with an amino acid-based formula. Gastroenterology. 1995;109:1503-1512.
  109. Arias A, González-Cervera J, Tenias JM, Lucendo AJ. Efficacy of dietary interventions for inducing histologic remission in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Gastroenterology. 2014;146:1639-1648. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2014.02.006
  110. Peterson KA, Byrne KR, Vinson LA, Ying J, Boynton KK, Fang JC, Gleich GJ, Adler DG, Clayton F. Elemental diet induces histologic response in adult eosinophilic esophagitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013;108:759-766. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2012.468
  111. Liacouras CA, Spergel JM, Ruchelli E, Verma R, Mascarenhas M, Semeao E, Flick J, Kelly J, Brown-Whitehorn T, Mamula P, Markowitz JE. Eosinophilic esophagitis: A 10-year experience in 381 children. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005;3:1198-1206.
  112. Spergel JM, Beausoleil JL, Mascarenhas M, Liacouras CA. The use of skin prick tests and patch tests to identify causative foods in eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002;109:363-368.
  113. Spergel JM, Brown-Whitehorn TF, Cianferoni A. Identification of causative foods in children with eosinophilic esophagitis treated with an elimination diet. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130:461-467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.021
  114. Kagalwalla AF, Shah A, Ritz S. Cow’s milk protein-induced eosinophilic esophagitis in a child with gluten-sensitive enteropathy. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2007;44:386-388. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mpg.0000243430.32087.5c
  115. Wolf WA, Jerath MR, Sperry SL, Shaheen NJ, Dellon ES. Dietary elimination therapy is an effective option for adults with eosinophilic esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;12:1272-1279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2013.12.034
  116. Molina-Infante J, Martin-Noguerol E, Alvarado-Arenas M, Porcel-Carreño SL, Jimenez-Timon S, Hernandez-Arbeiza FJ. Selective elimination diet based on skin testing has suboptimal efficacy for adult eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130:1200-1202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2012.06.027
  117. Philpott H, Nandurkar S, Royce SG. Allergy tests do not predict food triggers in adult patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis. A comprehensive prospective study using five modalities. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016;44:223-233. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13676
  118. Kagalwalla AF, Sentongo TA, Ritz S, Hess T, Nelson SP, Emerick KM, Melin-Aldana H, Li BU. Effect of six-food elimination diet on clinical and histologic outcomes in eosinophilic esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;4:1097-1102.
  119. Kagalwalla AF, Shah A, Li BU, Sentongo TA, Ritz S, Manuel-Rubio M, Jacques K, Wang D, Melin-Aldana H, Nelson SP. Identification of specific foods responsible for inflammation in children with eosinophilic esophagitis successfully treated with empiric elimination diet. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2011;53:145-149. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0b013e31821cf503
  120. Molina-Infante J, Arias A, Barrio J, Rodríguez-Sánchez J, Sanchez-Cazalilla M, Lucendo AJ. Four-food group elimination diet for adult eosinophilic esophagitis: A prospective multicenter study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;134:1093-1099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2014.07.023
  121. Kagalwalla A, Amsden K, Makhija MM A multicenter study assessing the clinical, endoscopic and histologic response to four food elimination diet for the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2015;148:30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(15)30103-7
  122. Kagalwalla AF, Amsden K, Shah A, Ritz S, Manuel-Rubio M, Dunne K, Nelson SP, Wershil BK, Melin-Aldana H.Cow’s milk elimination: a novel dietary approach to treat eosinophilic esophagitis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2012;55:711-716. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0b013e318268da40
  123. Kruszewski PG, Russo JM, Franciosi JP, Varni JW, Platts-Mills TA, Erwin EA. Prospective, comparative effectiveness trial of cow’s milk elimination and swallowed fluticasone for pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis. Dis Esophagus. 2016;29:377-384. https://doi.org/10.1111/dote.12339
  124. Molina-Infante J, Arias Á, Alcedo J, Garcia-Romero R, Casabona-Frances S, Prieto-Garcia A, Modolell I, Gonzalez-Cordero PL, Perez-Martinez I, Martin-Lorente JL, Guarner-Argente C, Masiques ML, Vila-Miravet V, Garcia-Puig R, Savarino E, Sanchez-Vegazo CT, Santander C, Lucendo AJ. Step-up empiric elimination diet for pediatric and adult eosinophilic esophagitis: The 2—4—6 study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;141(4):1365-1372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2017.08.038
  125. Schoepfer AM, Gonsalves N, Bussmann C, Conus S, Simon HU, Straumann A, Hirano I. Esophageal dilation in eosinophilic esophagitis: effectiveness, safety, and impact on the underlying inflammation. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010;105:1062-1070. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2009.657
  126. Moawad FJ, Cheatham JG, DeZee KJ. Meta-analysis: the safety and efficacy of dilation in eosinophilic oesophagitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2013;38:713-720. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.12438
  127. Schoepfer AM, Safroneeva E, Bussmann C, Kuchen T, Portmann S, Simon HU, Straumann A. Delay in diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis increases risk for stricture formation in a time-dependent manner. Gastroenterology. 2013;145:1230-1236. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2013.08.015
  128. Aceves SS, Newbury RO, Chen D, Mueller J, Dohil R, Hoffman H, Bastian JF, Broide DH. Resolution of remodeling in eosinophilic esophagitis correlates with epithelial response to topical corticosteroids. Allergy. 2010;65:109-116. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02142.x
  129. Instruktsiya po meditsinskomu primeneniyu lekarstvennogo preparata Deksilant® (dekslansoprazol), kapsuly s modifitsirovannym vysvobozhdeniem 30 mg i 60 mg. Registratsionnyi nomer: LP-002477. Gosudarstvennyi reestr lekarstvennykh sredstv (GRLS). https://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/
Contact the author
Email
Message
The publishing house "Media Sphere" does not provide treatment services, does not give recommendations on contacting medical institutions and specific specialists, on the prescription of medicines and dietary supplements.

Email Confirmation

An email was sent to test@gmail.com with a confirmation link. Follow the link from the letter to complete the registration on the site.

Email Confirmation

Contact us
If you have any questions, complaints or suggestions, please use this feedback form.
Email
Message
The publishing house "Media Sphere" does not provide treatment services, does not give recommendations on contacting medical institutions and specific specialists, on the prescription of medicines and dietary supplements.
Submit Application

You can become an author of one of our magazines, send a request and we will consider it in during the day.

Name
Phone
E-mail
Message
Login
Registration
E-mail
Password
Forgot Password?

Log in to the site using your account in one of the services

Password recovery
E-mail
Login
Register

We use cооkies to improve the performance of the site. By staying on our site, you agree to the terms of use of cооkies. To view our Privacy and Cookie Policy, please. click here.