
Оценка эффективности физических упражнений разных типов для лечения неспецифической боли в шее
Журнал: Вопросы курортологии, физиотерапии и лечебной физической культуры. 2025;102(5-2):120-130.
DOI: 10.17116/kurort2025102052120
Прочитано: 1287 раз
Резюме
Современные руководства по профилактике и лечению неспецифической боли в шее рекомендуют лечебную физическую культуру в качестве одного из основных методов ее терапии. Существующие клинические рекомендации дают расплывчатые советы относительно характера использования физических тренировок с этой целью.
ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ
Провести оценку эффективности физических упражнений разных типов для лечения и профилактики неспецифической боли в шее.
МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ
Проведен анализ публикаций за последние 10 лет, представленных в электронных базах данных РИНЦ, PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, о лечении неспецифической боли в шее с помощью лечебной физкультуры. Были отобраны 22 систематических обзора, 16 метаанализов и 27 рандомизированных контролируемых исследований с участием взрослых с цервикалгией. Для оценки анализируемых материалов на основе принципов доказательной медицины использована классификация клинических рекомендаций по полезности и эффективности, а также шкала уровней достоверности доказательств.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ
Для оценки эффективности физических тренировок разных типов для лечения неспецифической боли в шее отобрали 9 комплексов: упражнения на развитие двигательной активности (двигательного контроля), силовую тренировку, стретчинг, аэробную тренировку, изометрические упражнения, пилатес, йогу, китайскую оздоровительную гимнастику и физическую реабилитацию с использованием виртуальной реальности. Установлены наибольшие польза и эффективность лечебного воздействия при тренировке двигательного контроля, использования силовых и изометрических упражнений. Основанием для этого послужили результаты оценки систематических обзоров, метаанализов и рандомизированных клинических исследований. Другие виды физических упражнений, используемые для лечебной физкультуры при неспецифической боли в шее, также были результативны, но имели менее убедительный положительный эффект.
ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ
Физические упражнения представляют собой один из наиболее полезных методов лечения цервикалгии, при этом тренировки на развитие двигательной активности являются наиболее эффективными.
Ключевые слова
- неспецифическая боль в шее
- типы физических упражнений
- лечебная физкультура
- физическая реабилитация
Дата поступления: 09.12.2024
Дата принятия в печать: 14.01.2025
Дата публикации: 12.12.2025
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