Antibacterial effect of the antiseptic picloxydine dihydrochloride on conjunctival isolates of gram-negative bacteria

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The preoperative and postoperative use of antiseptics can be an alternative to antibiotics in repeated courses of anti-VEGF therapy for reducing the risk of developing antibiotic resistance in eye microflora. Among gram-negative bacteria, the most frequently isolated pathogen that causes eye infections is Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is characterized by reduced sensitivity to antibiotics and disinfectants.

PURPOSE

To study the effect of the antiseptic picloxydine dihydrochloride on the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas luteola and P. aeruginosa isolated from the conjunctiva.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The identification of bacterial isolates and study of their sensitivity to antibiotics were carried out using the automated bacteriological analyzer BD Phoenix 100. To determine the bactericidal concentration, the method of serial dilutions of the antiseptic in a liquid nutrient medium was used. The binding of cationic molecules of picloxydine dihydrochloride to bacterial cells was detected by neutralizing the bacterial surface with increasing amounts of antiseptic, and measuring the zeta potential on the Zetasizer Nano ZS analyzer. The ultrastructure of bacterial cells was studied using the two-beam scanning ion-electron microscope Quanta 200 3D.

RESULTS

The most resistant was P. aeruginosa. The interaction mechanism of picloxydine dihydrochloride with bacterial cells includes electrostatic binding of positively charged antiseptic molecules to negatively charged cell walls. Picloxydine dihydrochloride has a destructive effect on the bacterial cell wall and plasma membrane, which leads to cell lysis and release of intracellular components.

CONCLUSION

Picloxydine dihydrochloride exhibits bactericidal activity against gram-negative conjunctival isolates and is promising for preventive use during repeated courses of intravitreal injections.

Keywords:

eye microflora

gram-negative bacteria

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

antiseptic picloxydine dihydrochloride

Authors:

Khalatyan A.S.

Research Institute of Eye Diseases

Kholina E.G.

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Strakhovskaya M.G.

Lomonosov Moscow State University;
Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency

Budzinskaya M.V.

Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases

SPIN RSCI: 3552-7061
Scopus AuthorID: 6508005851
ResearcherID: C-3026-2014
ORCID: 0000-0002-5507-8775

Shevlyagina N.V.

Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology

Zhukhovitsky V.G.

N.F. Gamaleya Federal research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Public Health of Russia;
Sechenov the First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Public Health

Received:

30.03.2021

Accepted:

20.05.2021

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