OBJECTIVE

Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis by PDT method based on PCR diagnostic data.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A clinical and laboratory study and treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity was conducted in 30 people (16 men and 14 women) aged 35 to 55 years without somatic pathology with orthognathic bite diagnosed according to ICD-10 K05.3. Complex treatment consisted of oral sanitation, removal of dental plaque and curettage of periodontal pockets followed by photodynamic therapy (4 sessions of 10 minutes each). Bacteriological examination was performed before and after PDT. The test material was collected from inflammation sites in the gingival sulcus area and from periodontal pocket areas. DNA determination of Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia (Bacteroides forsythus), Treponema denticola, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans) and Porphyromonas gingivalis was performed using the reagent kit Multident-5 by the method of accelerated sample preparation using reagents manufactured by Genlab LLC in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. The results were assessed by a semi-quantitative method (in points from 0 to 4).

RESULTS

According to PCR diagnostics, a positive trend was observed in patients after PDT treatment. The decrease in the frequency of A. actinomycetemcomitans DNA detection after treatment was not statistically significant. At the same time, A. actinomycetemcomitans was identified in 17 (85%), after therapy in 15 (80%) indivisuals. The frequency of P. intermedia detection after therapy decreased from 15 (40%) to 0 (0%) cases. The frequency of P. gingivalis DNA detection decreased by 1.4 times: from 18 (90%) cases before treatment to 13 (65%) after treatment. One month after PDT, the frequency of P. gingivalis DNA detection decreased by 2 times, and after 3 months by 1.4 times. T. forsythia was detected before treatment in all patients, after treatment in 18 cases (90%). One month after PDT, it decreased significantly and was completely eliminated, which remained the case after 3 months. T. denticola was detected in 16 (80%) patients before treatment and in 14 (70%) people after treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

PDT resulted in a significant reduction in the bacterial load in patients with moderate chronic generalized periodontitis.