Early intrauterine intravascular blood transfusion in the treatment of fetal anaemia

Makogon A.V.

doi:https://doi.org/10.17116/rosakush20222205149

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Abstract:

Fetal anaemia is a serious complication and can lead to an unpleasant outcome. intrauterine blood transfusions are the only effective pathogenetic treatment. there is a high risk of fetal losses if transfusions are carried out before 20 weeks of pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE

Our experience of early intrauterine intravascular blood transfusion in the treatment of fetal anaemia is presented.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This article describes 6 cases of early fetal intravascular blood transfusion at 15—20 weeks’ gestation. Fetal anaemia was determined by an increase in peak systolic blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery. There were 3 fetuses with severe anaemia, 2 with moderately severe anaemia and 1 with mild anaemia. Transfusions were performed into the free cord vein and into the umbilical root vein transplacently. Magnetic resonance imaging of the fetal brain was performed in all cases. Prenatal karyotyping was done in 4 of 6 cases.

RESULTS

All intrauterine blood transfusions were successfully completed. There was one complication of transient fetal bradycardia. In case of fetal anaemia due to death of a monochorionic twin, one transfusion each was carried out. In case of fetal haemolytic disease, 5—7 transfusions were carried out until delivery. All pregnancies were successfully terminated.

CONCLUSION

Modern techniques enable the diagnosis and treatment of severe fetal anemia as early as the end of the first, beginning of the second trimester of pregnancy.

Keywords:

intrauterine intravascular blood transfusion

fetal anaemia

Authors:

Makogon A.V.

Avicenna Medical Center Mother and Child Group

Received:

11.04.2022

Accepted:

16.05.2022

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References:

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