The paper considers the surgical treatment of gynecological diseases that are of the greatest importance for further realization of reproductive function (uterine myoma, precancers, intraepithelial cancer, early-stage invasive cancer of the cervix uteri), as well as an inconsistent postcesarean scar to preserve and recover this function and simultaneously as a stage of pregravid preparation for subsequent pregnancy. Obstetricians/gynecologists' orientation to preserve postsurgical reproductive function in women with uterine myoma, precancers and early-stage cancer of the cervix uteri, inconsistent postcesarean uterine scar, the highly professional assessment of the situation, and correct pregravid preparation will assist in increasing the female reproductive potential when it is considered lost.