Seventy women with tuboperitoneal factor infertility were examined and surgically treated (adhesiolysis and reparative operations on the fallopian tubes) via laparoscopic access to evaluate the efficiency of using an anti-adhesive barrier gel that is a sterile absorbable combination of polyethylene oxide and sodium carbomethylcellulose. In the completion phase of surgery, the anti-adhesive gel was applied to the surface at the site of surgery in 35 women (a study group) to prevent an adhesive process. The gel was not used in a control group of 35 women undergoing the similar intervention. Six months to 3 years after the first surgery, relaparoscopy was carried out to evaluate the fallopian tubes and to determine reproductive prognosis in both group patients in the absence of pregnancy. The use of anti-adhesive barriers in combination with surgical treatment in patients with tuboperitoneal infertility was ascertained to minimize the postoperative adhesive process; this is particularly important to improve the local manifestations of an adhesive process and to restore fertility during organ-saving operations.