Examinations were made in 98 women aged 19 to 45 years with chronic genital inflammatory diseases in remission, receiving sanatorium balneotherapy, including 34 patients with bacterial vaginosis. Thirty-three women with bacterial vaginosis treated in an antenatal clinic formed a comparison group. The women with chronic genital inflammatory diseases were found to have evident vaginal dysbiosis, including bacterial vaginosis, and decreased absolute and relative counts of Lactobacillus spp. There was evidence for the effective therapeutic influence of natural factors of a balneotherapeutic deposit in chronic female genital inflammatory diseases, which may be associated with their regulatory action on vaginal microbiocenosis and with the recovery of the normal vaginal microflora in 90.2% of the patients.