THE PURPOSE

Of the study was to substantiate the diagnosis of gum recession at the dentist’s appointment in young people.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

We examined 125 dental patients aged 18 to 71 who applied for dental treatment to a dentist-therapist. Of the total number of examined, three conditional groups were formed of young people (from 18 to 44 years old) with different prevalence of gingival recession. The first group consisted of 18 patients without signs of gingival recession, the second — 22 patients with localized gingival recession and the third — 15 patients with generalized gingival recession. When examining the oral cavity, the periodontal phenotype was determined, the width of the attached keratized gingiva, the level of attachment of the frenulum of the lips, the presence of pathological cords of soft tissues, crowding of teeth, occlusion and disocclusion were assessed. In the dental formula, KPU, artificial crowns, the degree of gingival recession were noted. Miller. In addition, patients were asked a questionnaire that included questions about brushing technique, choice of hygiene products, use of teeth whitening systems, and previous orthodontic treatment.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Between the ages of 18 and 71, gingival recession of varying prevalence was diagnosed in 85.6%. In young people (up to 45 years old), gingival recession was determined in 82.7% of cases. A predisposing factor for gingival recession was identified as a thin periodontal phenotype and mucogingival anomalies of the soft tissues of the oral cavity in the form of pathological cords of the transitional fold on the lower jaw. A thin periodontal phenotype in young patients with generalized gingival recession was noted in 93.3% of cases, and soft tissue cords in 33.3%, which is much more common than in individuals without signs of gingival recession (61.1% and 0%). A statistically significant traumatic factor for gum tissues was brushing teeth with horizontal movements along the vestibular surface of the teeth with a predominant choice of hard bristles. Such factors in the third group of patients were detected in 86.7% and 46.7% versus 22.2% and 16.7% in the first group without signs of gingival recession.

CONCLUSION

In the older age group, gingival recession is determined in 100% of cases, when inflammatory periodontal diseases worsen and involutive changes increase, in this category of patients, gingival recession can be assessed as a “gingival condition”. In young people (from 18 to 44 years old), gum recession should be considered as a “disease” that has developed due to genetic predisposition and widespread traumatic factors in the form of irrational hygienic and therapeutic measures in the oral cavity.