Objective — to determine the incidence and causes of maternal near miss cases registered in the Secondary and Tertiary Perinatal Centers of the Republic of Moldova for a period of 6 years (2009—2014). Material and methods. Maternal near miss cases were reviewed retrospectively, based on maternal audit verbal processes and medical charts. Results. The incidence of maternal near miss cases in 11 Secondary and Tertiary Perinatal Centers Perinatal of the Republic of Moldova during the period 2009—2014 was 1.86%. Among near miss cases severe hypertensive disorders accounted for the most common event (68.48%), followed by severe obstetric hemorrhage (28.98%). Sepsis and uterine rupture were less common causes of maternal near miss (1.91 and 0.62%, respectively). 66.16% of maternal near miss cases were admitted in the intensive care units. Only 10.30% developed organ failure. Conclusions. Hypertensive disorders and hemorrhage were the most important causes of maternal near miss in the Republic of Moldova. Severe preeclampsia was the most frequent disease entity of severe hypertensive disorders and postpartum hypotonic hemorrhage was the most frequent disease entity of obstetric hemorrhages contributing to maternal near miss. Sepsis and uterine rupture were less common causes of maternal near miss. At the same time, our results suggest that the incidence of maternal near miss is overestimated in the Republic of Moldova, and the hospitalization of patients with obstetrical morbidity in intensive care units is not always argued.