Plague is a zoonotic infection, whose pathogen was the cause of the death of hundreds of millions of people. A wide range of hosts and vectors in combination with the geographic disconnection of individual natural plague foci with different ecological conditions of life contribute to formation of a poly-typical Y. pestis species containing genetic variants specific for certain natural foci. With the efforts of the world consortium of researchers, a coordinated global phylogram of SNP-types of the plague pathogen was fabricated, but on the vast Russian expanses the disputes over the intraspecific taxonomy of Y. pestis do not subside. In the work of the taxonomist there are a lot of specific, individual issues, formed on the basis of personal experience. It is important to follow the old rule, which requires that borders should be defined where the nature has admeasured them, and not delineated where it did not outline them. Proceeding from this, we propose a rational variant of bringing the nomenclature of the plague microbe in accordance with the rules of the International Code of Bacterial Nomenclature and Evolutionary Taxonomy.