Human viral diseases, in particular dermatological, are among the most significant health and social problems in the modern health care. Diseases caused by human papillomavirus and molluscum contagiosum can be distinguished among other viral dermatoses. In most cases, diagnosis of warts and molluscum contagiosum is not a challenging problem. However, the diversity of their clinical manifestations and locations requires knowledge and clinical experience of a medical practitioner. The article summarizes the professional experience of the Center of Viral Skin Pathology at the Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatology, Venereology and Cosmetology. Based on their own observations, the authors describe the pathomorphism of clinical manifestations of human papillomavirus infection and molluscum contagiosum, which is currently a challenge for diagnosis and treatment of viral dermatoses. The detailed clinical picture of human papillomavirus infection and molluscum contagiosum in children and adults is provided, including localization of efflorescence and comorbidities that involve both the skin and internal organs and systems. Treatment of viral pathology is a complex and time-consuming process. The gathered experience enabled the authors to develop general approaches to therapy and tactics of managing patients infected with the human papilloma virus, depending on pathology localization. The attention should also be paid to the need for complex treatment to prevent relapses. We mean the combination of methods of viral neoplasm destruction using the immune antiviral drugs. The authors report the positive experience of administrating a combination of recombinant interferon alfa-2b with antioxidants to treat and prevent recurrences of warts with various localizations.