Airway complications after lung transplantation

Simonova M.S.; Rusakov M.A.; Parshin V.D.

doi:https://doi.org/10.17116/hirurgia202107177

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Abstract:

Lung transplantations have been regularly performed in the Russian Federation since 2010. Therefore, the number of lung transplant recipients, as well as the number of patients with airway complications following lung transplantation has been increasing. Treatment of these patients takes place not only in transplantation centers, but also in other hospitals. This review is devoted to risk factors, clinical manifestations, treatment and prevention of airway complications after lung transplantation. We analyzed literature data over the last 15 years. It was confirmed that bronchoscopy is a «gold standard» for diagnosis of airway complications while bronchoscopic interventions are preferred for treatment. Balloon and rigid bronchodilation and endoscopic airway stenting are the most effective interventions. Silicone stents are the most optimal. Antimicrobial prophylaxis and timely use of antiproliferative immunosuppressive drugs are important factors in prevention and treatment of airway complications after lung transplantation.

Keywords:

lung transplantation

airway complications

bronchial stenosis

silicone stents

bronchial dehiscence

Authors:

Simonova M.S.

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Rusakov M.A.

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Parshin V.D.

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University;
National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases;
Federal Medical Biological Agency

ORCID: 0000-0002-0104-481X

Received:

20.07.2020

Accepted:

15.08.2020

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References:

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