299 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax were treated. All patients were divided in two groups. Patients of the first group (n=182) received thoracic puncture and/or drainage. The second group (n=117) has surgery, directed at liquidation of the source of pneumothorax, i.e., they received either atypical lung resection or subtotal parietal pleurectomy. The recurrent pneumothorax was registered in 24 (13.2%) patients of the first group and in 4 (3.4%) patients of the second. Authors state that radical surgical procedure for the spontaneous pneumothorax is an atypical lung resection with parietal pleurectomy. The use of active surgical tactics allows to decrease the number of recurrencies on 9.8%.