The authors analyse the long-term results of the surgical treatment of massive pulmonary embolism (PE). The analysis is based on the follow-up study of 56 (86%) patients carried out within 4 months to 2 years after surgery. The mean follow-up period was 10.29±0.88 months. The patients were subjected to clinical and instrumental observations. The high efficacy of catheter-directed fragmentation and thrombolysis was documented in the majority of the patients both in the early and in the late postoperative periods. The beneficial effect was manifest as the absence of PE relapses and the enhanced tolerance of physical exercises. Endovascular interventions for the treatment of massive PE were shown to improve the long-term prognosis of the disease and the quality of the patients' life; moreover, they make it possible to prevent the development of chronic postembolic pulmonary hypertension (CPEPH) and reduce the necessity for the possible subsequent open surgical intervention.