Intracranial abscess is a rare but potentially lethal complication after transsphenoidal surgery of pituitary adenomas. Due to rear incidence of this complication, there is not much experience in diagnosis and treatment and they are not perfectly protocoled yet. Purpose. To improve the results of postsurgical intracranial abscesses treatment after endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary adenomectomy. Material and methods. The study presents the results of the 3730 patients treatment who survived pituitary adenomectomy by endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach in The N.N. Burdenko Neurosurgical Center. We analyzed the risk factors, diagnostic methods, tactics and results of treatment of these patients. Results. In four patients (0.01%) the surgery were complicated with intracranial abscess. We have made analysis of clinical records of the 4 patients, assessed the risk factors, diagnostic methods, tactics and results of the treatment of these patients. The excised tumors were large to gigantic in size. Two of the patients had a long acromegaly history. In one case, DNA of Streptococcus was detected during PCR of the CSF, in another Staphylococcus Epidermidis grew. In two patients, all cerebrospinal fluid cultures were sterile. Surgical drainage of the abscess was needed in one patient. There were no specific clinical symptoms in patients. Conclusion. We share our experience of a rare transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery complication (intracranial abscess) differential diagnosis, treatment and prevention.