OBJECTIVE
To identify and analyze the basic physiological and biomechanical patterns of the craniocervical region.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
An analysis of literature data was carried out in electronic sources eLibrary, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science. An analysis of neurological, muscular-tonic, and biomechanical indicators was carried out to identify predisposing factors in the formation of facial and myofascial pain using a hardware system for a comprehensive assessment of motor functions, recording the biomechanics of movements and EMG BIOMECHANICS TRUST-M. A physiological model has been developed to identify clinically relevant motor patterns in the craniocervical region. During the study, a group of relatively healthy young people in the amount of 30 people and a group with chronic myofascial facial pain syndrome in the amount of 32 patients were formed. With the help of an elastic adhesive plaster application placed on the lower jaw area, the subjects were recreated with limited mobility, and were also provided with a set of exercises to create additional load on the kinematics of the craniocervical region. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out.
RESULTS
Based on the results of the work, a physiological model of correction of biomechanical and myofascial relationships of the craniocervical region was recreated. Based on the results of the study, data were obtained on changes in biomechanics and muscle tension in young people. The article demonstrates the mechanisms of formation of predictors of biomechanical disorders in combination with muscle-tonic reactions that contribute to the emergence of pathological motor patterns.
CONCLUSION
During the study, a physiological model was formed to assess locomotor changes in the craniocervical region and their interaction with the biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system. Practical recommendations for correcting physiological processes and preventing the formation of pain syndromes are given.