The Foix—Alajouanine syndrome was originally reported by these authors in 1926, as rapidly progressive vasculitis on the background of a viral infection. The pathology was represented by the huge, more than 10 times, dilation either of the lumen, or the walls of the spinal vessels, either of the arteries, or the veins. There were no signs of thrombosis, no malformations. Massive necrosis was observed in the spinal cord. Though plenty of observations of the syndrome were reported over the past 100 years, most of them deal with arteriovenous malformations and/or thrombosis, which had not been revealed originally. We present the case of spinal viral vasculitis detected by means of spinal MR-angiography. The undoubted viral etiology of vasculitis allows us to attribute this observation to Foix—Alajouanine syndrome.