The objective of this study was to estimate the factors influencing the efficacy and quality of electroacoustical correction of hearing in the children and elucidate specific resonant characteristics of the external acoustic meatus in the patients at the age varying from 6 months to 5 years. The hearing acuity was estimated in 87 children aged from 5 months to 5 years presenting with censorineural impairment of hearing or deafness with the use of psychoacoustic and electrophysiological techniques. Special attention was given to the assessment of resonant characteristics of the external acoustic canal. The resonant characteristics of the external acoustic canal in the children differ from those in adult subjects. This fact should be taken into consideration in planning the electroacoustical correction of hearing in the children.