OBJECTIVE
Aim: To determine the current coefficients of transverse parameters for calculating the ideal width of the dental arch.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This study examined the ideal width of the dental arch, considering the anatomical dimensions of the jaws and teeth. Correlation between the mesiodistal dimensions of the upper incisors and the width of the dental arch in the premolar and molar regions was used to calculate index values. Patients with a history of orthodontic treatment were excluded from the study. The sample consisted of 500 young patients (18—44 years old) as categorized by WHO. Each participant underwent a dental examination and cone-beam computed tomography. Control-diagnostic models of dental arches were also obtained for further measurements. The width of the dental arches was measured with a caliper between selected points, allowing the determination of parameters in the premolar and molar regions of the upper and lower jaws. Statistical analysis was performed using StatTech v. 4.2.5 software, including the Kolmogorov—Smirnov test to assess normality of distribution. Correlation evaluation was conducted using Pearson’s coefficient, and a predictive model was developed via linear regression.
RESULTS:
By using occlusal points to measure the width of the dental arch in the premolar and molar regions, values applicable to both the upper and lower jaws were calculated. These points represent the contacts between the teeth of the upper and lower jaws during occlusion, ensuring normal alignment. Regression analysis was used to determine the calculated coefficients for the ideal width of the dental arch in the premolar and molar regions. The results obtained were transformed into molar and premolar coefficients.
CONCLUSION:
Diagnosis of dental arch narrowing based on anthropometric parameters directly impacts the stability of orthodontic treatment outcomes. A combination of traditional anthropometric methods and modern technologies provides more precise and individualized diagnostics. This not only improves the accuracy of detecting dental arch narrowing but also allows for the selection of optimal orthodontic treatment strategies, leading to predictable and stable results while minimizing the risk of complications.
