Objective — to predict chances of giving birth vaginally in pregnant women with a uterine scar, by determining its status and the readiness of the birth canal for delivery and by estimating the concentration of endogenous oxytocin. Subject and methods. The investigation enrolled 284 pregnant women with a uterine scar after cesarean section. A study group consisted of 143 pregnant women who had delivered vaginally; a comparison group comprised 141 pregnant women with an inadequate uterine scar who had been reoperated on. The scar was evaluated using Doppler ultrasound. The plasma level of endogenous oxytocin was measured by enzyme immunoassay using a test system. Results. In the study group, there were no patients with a uterine wall thickness of 1 to 2 mm at the scar site. Ultrasonography showed that the myometrium at the site of scars was 2—3 and 3—6 mm in 8.4 and 70.6% of the pregnant women, respectively. In the comparison group, the myometrium at the scar site was less than 1 mm in 1.42% of the pregnant women, 1—2 mm in 46.8%, 2—3 mm in 28.4% of the women, and 3—6 mm in 19.1% of the patients. The radial artery resistance index in the lower uterine segment averaged 0.51±0.08 and 0.68±0.12 in the study and control groups, respectively. l—3 to 6 mm. There was a statistically significant strong negative relationship between the number of pre-delivery days and oxytocin concentrations and Bishop cervical scores. Conclusion. The uterine wall thickness (3.01 mm) at the scar site and the radial artery resistance index (0.55) in the lower uterine segment were important for vaginal delivery in pregnant women with a uterine scar. The blood endogenous oxytocin concentration of more than 349.55 µIU/ml and 7—8 Bishop cervical maturity scores suggest that the pregnant woman’s body is ready for childbirth. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.