Objective. To optimize a package of therapeutic measures for overcoming infertility in women on the basis of the assessment of social status and on that of the analysis of gynecological and somatic histories in pregnant women with induced multiple pregnancy. Subjects and methods. The investigation enrolled 253 pregnant women who were divided into three clinical groups: 1) 51 pregnant women with multiple pregnancy occurring after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (a study group); 2) 151 women with spontaneous twin pregnancy (a control group); 3) 51 women with spontaneous singleton pregnancy (a comparison group). Results. The pregnant women in Groups 1, 2, and 3 were ascertained to have high rates of somatic (76.5, 76.8, and 62.7%, respectively) and genital (92.1, 58.9, and 60.8%, respectively) diseases (р1,2 <0.01; р1,3 <0.01). Moreover, reproductive system diseases were 1.6-fold more frequently in the study group than in the other groups. The women with induced multiple pregnancy had a history of reproductive surgery 12 times more commonly than those with spontaneous multiple pregnancy (80.4 and 6.6%; р1,2 <0.001). 47.1% of the study group women were observed to have primary infertility and its duration averaged 5.9±0.7 years. Secondary infertility was noted in 52.9% of the cases and its duration was 8.1±0.7 years. The patients of Groups 2 and 3 had a history of infertility in 1.9 and 5.9%, respectively (р1,2,3 <0.001). Conclusion. The late referral to assisted reproductive technology (ART) programs in women with primary and secondary infertility is associated with their long-term examination and ineffective medical treatment in outpatient settings, with the high percent of reproductive surgical interventions, with an obstetrician/gynecologist's inadequately informing the patients about available ART programs and their capabilities, as well as with the lack of a sufficient bankroll and with moral problems in the family. The diagnosis of disease, the prognosis of recovery of reproductive function, the elaboration of an individual treatment package, and the timely counseling of patients about the possibilities of ART at the regional perinatal centers where high-quality care may be rendered will be able to reduce the time of treatment for different forms of infertility.