The efficiency of different diagnostic techniques of tuboperitoneal infertility, such as hysterosalpingography, sonohysterosalpingoscopy, multi-slice spiral computed hysterosalpingography, and comprehensive endoscopic examination, was comparatively studied on the basis of the examinations of 2175 infertility patients. Despite the high informative value of the radiodiagnostic techniques in the examination of infertility patients, comprehensive endoscopic examination was found to be of the highest informative value in detecting the causes of infertility, in choosing a treatment modality, and in estimating the prognosis of reproductive function recovery. The use of endoscopic diagnosis in the first step of examination of patients at high risk for tubal infertility could reduce the time to make its correct diagnosis by more than 10-fold and the duration of its treatment by more than 3-fold. Endoscopic evaluation of distal fallopian tubal occlusion, the endosalpinx, and the magnitude of an adhesion process makes it possible to determine a reproductive prognosis and to choose a right treatment option.