Malignant neoplasms (MN) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the population. Effective secondary prevention contributes to their timely treatment, reducing the resource intensity of medical care and population mortality.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the role of adult population screening in the detection of female genital cancer, including its early stages.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The trends of female genital cancer active detection in the adult population of St. Petersburg from 2016 to 2020 was analyzed based on the reporting data of healthcare organizations.
RESULTS
In the structure of the primary oncological morbidity of the female population, MNs of female reproductive organs take a significant place. In St. Petersburg, the proportion of actively detected patients with newly diagnosed cancers in 2020 was 27.0%. The proportion of MNs diagnosed during the screening was only 5—8% of those emerged in different years. The highest similar rate among cancers of female reproductive organs is for cervical cancer (16.2% in 2020). The proportion of MNs detected during screening out of all those actively revealed in 2020 was 25.1% and 38.3% for cervical cancer. Screening for cervical cancer detection is a part of the large-scale screening program, but there is an inconsistent trend in the contribution of screening, which in different years can vary from 1/5 to 1/2 of all actively revealed cases of cervical malignancies. The screening effectiveness in terms of early detection of oncological diseases has been confirmed — up to 90% of cases are diagnosed at early stages during the screening.
CONCLUSION
Lack of screening effectiveness for the female population in detecting malignant neoplasms has been demonstrated. The causes of these observations require further study. The principal directions for improving the effectiveness of the adult population screening are highlighted: increasing the involvement of women in screening and improving the quality of the preventive measures.
