A literature review has shown the current risk assessment methodology to be insufficient when applied to public health risks associated with nutrition. The purpose of this study was to discover the techniques used for public nutrition assessment in countries around the globe and if they might be implemented in the Russian Federation. There are numerous criteria for public nutrition assessment that have been developed and are now currently in use in most of the countries. In the Russian Federation, there is no holistic assessment methodology with respect to both nutritional value and diet adequacy (as meeting the organism’s physiological demands). Russian households’ nutrition statistics speaks to the relationships between diseases prevalence and foods consumption varying with local climate, age structure, urban/rural populations ratio and the income. The calculated value for a ‘weighted standard deviation from the consumption norm within the major food categories’ evidence that 76.7—80.1% of the Russian population is provided with healthy foods. However, this value varies strongly by a region and does not depend on climatic, geographical or other factors. The introduced technique for score evaluation of nutrition quality in RF regions differs from those adopted by other countries. Nevertheless, the values calculated stand close to those obtained in other countries (67—71%). The working out and validation of the nutrition assessment methodology (including determining the index of healthy nutrition) in the Russian Federation is important with respect to, among other things, implementing the National «Demografiya» Program.