Objective — to investigate the relationship between temperaments and eating behavior (EB) in health school students. Subject and methods. A cross-sectional study of EB and temperament types was conducted in 150 health school students aged 25—75 years. Temperament traits were defined using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire; EB was ascertained by the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ). The data were processed with the mass-market software environment for data statistical processing (R-3.4.0). Results. Disordered EB was detected in 76% of the respondents, among them there were melancholiacs (33.3%), phlegmatics (28.7%), sanguines (20%), and cholerics (18%). External and emotiogenic EBs were more common in men of any temperament; the external type was in women. In the melancholic group, the men were more prone to restrictive EB (p=0.034) than the women; the melancholic women were less predisposed to restrictive EB than the women with another temperament (p=0.049). External and emotiogenic EBs were more frequently observed in individuals under 30 years of age, the emotiogenic type was dominant in those after the age of 30 years (it prevailed in phlegmatic and choleric persons aged 30-39 years and in the melancholiacs and sanguines at the age above 50 years). Among the melancholiacs, emotiogenic EB was less common in individuals under 29 years of age (p=0.009) and more common in those aged 30-39 years (p=0.003). The phlegmatics older than 50 were less prone to emotiogenic EB (p=0.030). Emotiogenic EB was more common in the sanguines under 29 years of age (p=0.029). The cholerics aged less than 29 years were more frequently inclined to emotiogenic (p=0.004) and external (p=0.042) EBs, but those older than 50 years of age were less prone (p=0.006 and p<0.001 respectively). Conclusion. When choosing more effective adult learning methods at health school, it is necessary to consider temperament traits, gender, and age. Gender should be taken into account for melancholiacs, and for both women (a higher risk for emotiogenic EB) and men (a higher risk for restrictive EB). Age should be kept in mind for sanguines (the emotiogenic type more frequently develops before the age of 29 years) and cholerics (external and emotiogenic EBs are more common). Melancholic and phlegmatic people have a risk for emotiogenic EB after the age of 30 and 50 years respectively.